New product safety and metrology bill to address fire risks and enhance UK regulatory framework

by Featured NewsSafety

Enhancing fire safety in product regulation

The Product Safety and Metrology Bill has been introduced to enhance the UK’s regulatory framework, focusing on fire risks associated with modern technology, as noted in the briefing notes for The King’s Speech 2024.

The Bill provides the UK with new powers to address contemporary safety issues, ensuring the supply of safe goods in the market.

It allows the UK to either align with or diverge from updated EU regulations, maintaining high product safety standards while fostering economic growth.

Addressing fire risks in new product regulations

The Bill outlines measures to support growth and protect consumers by addressing fire risks and opportunities.

It specifically targets fire risks associated with emerging technologies, such as e-bikes and lithium-ion batteries, responding to a 78% increase in e-bike fires in 2023 compared to 2022, according to the London Fire Brigade.

The Bill aims to clarify responsibilities within the supply chain, especially for online marketplaces, to better protect consumers.

By updating compliance and enforcement measures, the Bill aims to tackle non-compliance and enhance data sharing between regulators and market surveillance authorities, ensuring effective regulation of high-risk products.

Managing divergence from EU regulations in fire safety

Most product safety legislation in the UK currently derives from EU law.

The Bill grants the UK government the ability to manage divergence from EU regulations, applying changes to UK legislation where beneficial.

This move addresses the varying application of EU laws within the UK internal market due to the Windsor Framework, particularly affecting Northern Ireland.

The legislative framework covers nearly all manufactured products, impacting around 220,000 UK businesses with a market turnover of nearly £280 billion.

The Bill also updates the legal metrology framework to support technological progress, ensuring accuracy in weights and measures for purchased goods, which is crucial for national infrastructure and consumer confidence.

Enhancing compliance and enforcement in fire safety

To future-proof the UK’s regulatory capacity, the Bill proposes improvements in compliance and enforcement.

It aims to tackle challenges posed by modern, digital borders and enable better data sharing between regulators.

The Bill also seeks to update the legal metrology framework, crucial for national infrastructure and consumer confidence.

These updates will support innovation while maintaining accuracy in areas like energy meter readings.

Japan updates lithium-ion battery safety standards for enhanced monitoring and fire prevention

by Featured NewsSafety

Japan adopts new international standards for lithium-ion batteries

In a significant move towards bolstering the safety of lithium-ion batteries, Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI) announced the replacement of the DENAN Standard J62133-2 (2021) Appendix 9 with Appendix 12 of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard 62133-2 (2017).

This transition, utilising detailed guidance and support from UL Solutions Japan, is effective by December 27, 2024 and aims to incorporate more rigorous monitoring methods and safety requirements for portable secondary batteries under the Electrical Appliances and Materials Safety Act.

The new standard focuses on preventing fire accidents by introducing comprehensive testing measures, including constant charging and temperature cycling tests.

Advantages of the new standard for manufacturers and importers

The adoption of Appendix 12 introduces a methodical approach to monitoring each cell or cell block within a battery pack, a procedure not specified in the former Appendix 9.

This development is expected to facilitate easier, faster, and more precise battery monitoring, significantly reducing the complexities and costs associated with achieving Product Safety Electrical Appliance and Material (PSE) certification.

This change is particularly beneficial for manufacturers, importers, and exporters engaged in the Japanese and international markets, ensuring compliance with safety standards.

Preventing fire accidents through enhanced battery testing

Appendix 12 is strategically designed to mitigate the risks associated with the overcharging of lithium-ion batteries, addressing a critical safety concern.

The standard specifies several tests, including battery cells’ constant charging for 28 days, temperature cycles, low pressure simulation, high-rate charging, and overcharge protection.

These measures aim to enhance the safety and reliability of lithium-ion batteries, contributing to the prevention of fire accidents.

The evaluation of compliance with Appendix 12 standards may rely partly on CB IEC Test Reports and Certificates, albeit with a requirement for case-by-case verification to ensure adherence to all necessary items and Japanese national differences.

Seeking further information and compliance guidelines

For manufacturers and stakeholders looking to navigate the transition from Appendix 9 to Appendix 12, METI and UL Solutions Japan offer detailed guidance and support.

Stakeholders are encouraged to consult these resources for comprehensive information on the new requirements and assistance in ensuring compliance with the updated standards.

IFSJ Comment

The transition to IEC standard 62133-2 (2017) Appendix 12 by Japan’s METI, with guidance from UL Solutions Japan, underscores the importance of proactive measures in preventing fire hazards associated with battery technologies.

By introducing rigorous testing procedures and enhancing monitoring capabilities, Japan sets a an example of regulatory adaptation to technological advancements.

Aviva highlights surge in lithium-ion battery fire claims

by Featured NewsSafety

Increased claims for lithium-ion battery fires

Aviva, a prominent insurance provider, has reported a worrying increase in customer claims related to fires caused by lithium-ion batteries.

The data, reflecting trends from 2022 and 2023, indicates a 7% rise in such incidents.

The insurer’s findings are alarming, especially considering the common use of devices powered by these batteries, such as mobile phones, tablets, and e-scooters.

Concerning findings from Aviva’s research

Further research commissioned by Aviva reveals that 1 in 9 Brits have experienced a fire or explosion in their home due to a lithium-ion battery or device.

Despite these risks, there’s a notable lack of awareness about lithium-ion batteries, with 41% of people unaware of what they are and 42% not knowing the associated fire risks.

More than 70% of adults do not recognise the warning signs of a failing lithium-ion battery.

Personal experiences and safety advice

Ian, a 57-year-old customer assistant from the Isle of Wight, shared his experience: “I was charging my headphones next to me on the sofa and without realising, accidentally plugged them in using an incorrect charger.

“The headphones started smoking and within seconds both the headphones and the battery case exploded, causing damage to my sofa.”

Hannah Davidson, Senior Underwriting Manager at Aviva, commented: “For the majority of people, devices powered by lithium-ion batteries are safe to use.

“However, these batteries can present a significant fire risk if the battery fails, is faulty, or is charged incorrectly.

“Fires caused by lithium-ion batteries can devastate a property and are more difficult to extinguish.

“We urge customers to be aware of the fire risk from lithium-ion batteries and protect themselves and their properties.”

Tips for safe battery usage

Aviva’s recommendations for safely handling lithium-ion batteries include using manufacturer-recommended batteries, monitoring for damage, and being aware of the early warning signs of battery failure.

Charging safety tips include using approved chargers, avoiding overcharging, monitoring batteries while charging, and storing them in cool, dry places.

IFSJ Comment

Aviva’s report on the rise in lithium-ion battery fires is a stark reminder of the latent risks in everyday devices.

The increase in claims highlights a critical gap in consumer awareness and safety practices.

This trend highlights the need for heightened vigilance and education about the safe usage of lithium-ion batteries.

It is vital for users to understand the potential hazards of these devices.

E-scooter fires: An increasing concern for London residents

by Featured NewsSafety

In yet another unsettling event, firefighters respond to an e-scooter fire in Kilburn, highlighting a troubling trend of electric vehicle-related incidents throughout the capital. Read more here.

E-scooter fire poses grave risk in Kilburn residence

Firefighters are once again urging the public to use e-bikes and e-scooters safely following a fire on Willesden Lane in Kilburn.

A woman was rescued from the premises and subsequently hospitalised by London Ambulance Service crews due to smoke inhalation.

Significant damage was reported to most of a third-floor flat, and the fire’s cause is suspected to be linked to faulty lithium batteries in an e-scooter.

Authorities voice concerns over e-vehicles

London Fire Brigade Deputy Commissioner Dom Ellis commented: “This incident provides further evidence of the dangers posed by e-bikes and e-scooters. Hence, our ongoing #ChargeSafe campaign aims to enlighten the public about potential fire risks.”

He added: “The fire originated near the flat’s entrance, effectively trapping the resident. Her pleas for help alerted a neighbouring individual who then raised the alarm. To rescue her, our firefighters had to first combat the flames.”

He further emphasised the necessity of clear escape routes, suggesting e-vehicles be stored away from main passageways, preferably in secure places like sheds or garages.

The incident underscores the critical role of functional smoke alarms, which, in this case, failed due to a power issue.

Alarming e-scooter fire statistics in London

So far in 2023, the London Fire Brigade has addressed 110 e-bike or e-scooter fires, averaging one every two days.

Last year saw 116 such fires, with several resulting in severe injuries or fatalities.

The compactness of the lithium batteries, which power these vehicles, is a cause for concern.

An uncontrolled energy release from these batteries can trigger fires or explosions.

The Brigade has identified a pattern wherein most problematic batteries are procured online, potentially bypassing essential safety standards.

Misuse, such as deploying incompatible chargers or modifying e-bikes and e-scooters, further compounds the risk.

The Kilburn incident mobilised four fire engines and approximately 25 firefighters from Willesden, West Hampstead, North Kensington, and Paddington fire stations. The fire was reported at 0232 and was under control by 0346.

Safety guidelines for e-scooter and e-bike users

To reduce risks, the London Fire Brigade recommends:

  • Ensuring clear escape routes, devoid of obstacles like e-bikes or e-scooters.
  • Adhering strictly to manufacturer guidelines, especially concerning battery handling.
  • Avoiding modifications to pedal bikes using DIY kits purchased online.
  • Regularly inspecting batteries and chargers for abnormalities, such as overheating or deformity.
  • Using only official chargers acquired from trustworthy sellers.
  • Allowing batteries to cool down post-usage before recharging.
  • Being present while charging and avoiding overnight charging.
  • Installing smoke alarms in areas where e-vehicles are charged and ensuring their regular testing.

IFSJ Comment

The spike in e-scooter related fires in London is more than just a statistic; it’s a clarion call for immediate action and awareness.

Electric vehicles, especially e-scooters and e-bikes, are becoming staples of modern urban transport due to their convenience and purported sustainability.

However, as with any rapidly emerging technology, there are teething problems, and in this case, the repercussions can be dire.

These incidents underline not just the hazards of potential product malfunction but also the risks of user negligence.

It is essential to strike a balance between promoting green transport and ensuring that safety standards aren’t compromised.

Users need to be informed about the dangers of subpar or incompatible chargers, the risks of battery modifications, and the importance of using approved, quality-assured products.

Moreover, the positioning of these vehicles within homes, the crucial role of functional smoke alarms, and the knowledge of an escape plan can mean the difference between life and death.

Public awareness campaigns, stringent safety standards, and regular inspections can go a long way in preventing such incidents.

With urbanisation on the rise and e-scooters becoming even more prevalent, now is the time to act.

Safety must always be at the forefront, no matter how advanced or convenient the technology becomes.

Practice fire safety with water-damaged battery powered devices says Fire and Emergency New Zealand

by Featured NewsSafety

Fire and Emergency New Zealand has encouraged people in the Hawke’s Bay to practise fire safety after a power outage or their battery powered devices have been damaged by floodwater.

District Manager Glen Varcoe said it is important to be aware of the additional fire risks in your home: “If you have devices that have come in contact with water, we encourage you to dispose of these correctly to avoid someone else picking them up and using them

“Water and electricity don’t mix well causing fires to start. If safe to do so, isolate your mains power. Mud deposits and debris can also conduct electricity, making premises and part of the surrounding area highly dangerous both during and after flooding.”

Varcoe said there are risks to charging any battery powered devices that have been damaged by water, particularly those containing lithium-ion batteries: “Please do not try to charge any devices that have been in water. This includes laptops, phones, e-scooters and power tools.

“Trying to charge devices that have been in water increases the risk of a spark or explosion occurring, particularly in lithium-ion batteries where the thermal runaway can cause the device to overheat and combust,” he says.

He also encouraged homeowners whose power had come back on to be mindful of the switches that have been left on since Monday night: “Switch off the electricity supply at the fuse box, if it is safe to do so. If there is evidence of water inside the fuse box or if there are signs of arcing or overheating, don’t switch it on and seek professional advice.

“Before you attempt to switch the power back on, particularly if your house was impacted by the floodwater, if you can, get it checked by a licensed electrician.”

“The same advice applies to solar panels; we encourage you to get a licenced electrician to inspect them.”

With many displaced families staying with friends and family across the Hawke’s Bay, it’s important that everyone is well protected from fire risks.

“Make sure you have working smoke alarms in every room that someone is sleeping in, and that everyone in the household is aware of your escape plan and safe meeting place,” he says.

“It’s important we all stay safe during these incredibly difficult times. Our thoughts are with everyone who has been impacted by this devastating cyclone. Kia kaha Hawke’s Bay.”

US Coast Guard issues fire warning following electric vehicle salt water submersion

by Featured NewsSafety

Following significant damage caused by hurricane Ian which flooding throughout Florida and the Southeastern United States, the US Coast Guard has issued a warning over the fire risk surrounding electric vehicles which have been exposed to salt water.

During the response and reconstitution after the hurricane, first responders encountered numerous vehicle fires involving Electronic Vehicles (EVs) that are powered by Lithium-Ion batteries. Investigations have revealed that the vehicle fires resulted from exposure of the Lithium Ion batteries to salt water.

Saltwater exposure can significantly degrade lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, causing a chemical reaction that creates an extreme fire. Review of vehicle registration records revealed there are over 7,000 electric vehicles (EVs) in Lee County, Florida with potential for damage.

The Coast Guard said that vessels, ports, and shippers should be aware of this extreme risk and avoid loading EVs with damaged Lithium-Ion onto commercial vessels.

The Coast Guard strongly recommends that vessels, ports, shippers, and regulators conduct a comprehensive review of the vehicle shipping requirements found in both the Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR) and the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code. All lithium batteries are hazardous materials regulated by the Department of Transportation’s Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA). As such, they are required to comply with the Lithium Battery Guide for Shippers.

It also said that they should conduct review of additional requirements for shipping damaged lithium ion batteries located in the PHMSA Safety Advisory Notice for the Disposal and Recycling of Lithium Batteries in Commercial Transportation. Due to the large size of EV batteries, the packaging requirements to comply with damaged shipment regulations are inadequate.

As such, IMDG special provision 376 specifically requires approval from the competent authority (PHMSA or US Coast Guard) prior to shipment of damaged lithium batteries.

The Coast Guard said: “Remain vigilant and ensure damaged lithium-ion vehicle batteries are not loaded onto vessels for shipment, placed within port facilities, or enclosed in containers.”

UL Solutions launches safety service for battery-powered airport equipment

by Featured NewsSafety

UL Solutions has launched a new service to evaluate the compliance of lithium-ion battery-powered aviation ground support equipment (GSE) with UL 5840, the Standard for Electrical Systems of Battery Powered Aviation Ground Support Equipment.

This standard provides requirements that address the risk of fire, electric shock and explosion for the electrical systems of battery-powered airport GSE. The safety service is helping airlines and airport operations to lower environmental impacts and meet the requirements of carbon emissions reduction programs.

The Standard also addresses retrofitting lithium-ion batteries into more traditional diesel-powered equipment when used to upgrade existing fleets. Airports worldwide have announced policy commitments to remove all diesel-powered vehicles from the apron and all airside over the next three decades. 

Lithium-ion battery-powered vehicles offer many benefits but also pose new risks. Recognising the current and increasing need for safety requirements, UL Standards & Engagement published ANSI/CAN/UL 5840, the Standard for Electrical Systems of Battery Powered Aviation Ground Support Equipment, in May 2022.

In addition to covering new GSE,  the Standard also provides requirements for electrical systems when they are used to convert fueled GSE to battery-powered GSE.

Maurice Johnson, product manager at UL Solutions, said: “UL Solutions is tackling a major challenge for the aviation industry by addressing safer installation, usage and maintenance of lithium-ion batteries in aviation ground support equipment.

“Our new service is a key enabler for the aviation industry to speed the adoption of electric ground support equipment, which can significantly contribute to meeting carbon emission reduction goals.”