South Korea considers new fire safety measures after EV explosion incident

South Korea reacts to EV explosion incident

Management teams in office buildings and apartment complexes across South Korea are considering measures to address fire risks following an electric vehicle (EV) explosion.

As reported by The Business Times, the incident led to the evacuation of over 200 families.

An unplugged electric Mercedes-Benz sedan caught fire last Thursday (Aug 1) in an underground carpark at an apartment complex in Incheon, west of Seoul.

According to fire authorities, more than 700 residents were evacuated due to water and power outages, and the blaze damaged around 140 cars.

The Incheon Metropolitan City government reported that twenty-three people were hospitalised.

Several office buildings have now banned EVs from entering and parking, according to notices on social media.

Some apartment management committees are advising EV owners to exercise caution when charging their cars.

Public concerns and reactions

The incident has shaken the public in South Korea at a time when global EV sales growth is slowing.

Despite the higher frequency of combustion engine car fires, concerns about EV battery safety are rising.

Issues such as higher upfront costs and unreliable charging infrastructure further contribute to consumer hesitation.

Wayne Moon, a 37-year-old resident of Gyeonggi, expressed his concerns: “Honestly it’s quite frightening and this will surely be discussed during our regular resident meeting this month.

There’s a need for the country to overhaul everything from fire safety standards, legislation, and charging infrastructure to address the risk of EV fires.”

Mercedes-Benz Korea has stated that it will fully cooperate with authorities to investigate the cause of the fire but has declined to comment further.

Impact on EV purchases and social media response

Social media in Korea is abuzz with discussions about the safety of EV batteries, leading some individuals to reconsider their car purchases.

Users of a Tesla online community chat debated whether to cancel their orders.

One EV owner complained that a shipping company refused to transport his car to Jeju Island, while another reported that his office building had suspended the use of EV chargers.

According to a 2023 report from Korea’s National Fire Agency, the number of car fires has increased annually for both internal combustion engine vehicles and EVs since at least 2017.

EV fires are more challenging to extinguish due to the intense and prolonged burning of lithium-ion batteries.

Legislative response and proposed safety measures

Most South Koreans live in high-density apartments, with many charging stations located in underground garages.

Newly constructed apartments and buildings of a certain size are legally required to install EV chargers.

Following the recent incident, Song Eonseog, a lawmaker from the ruling party, has proposed revisions to the country’s Parking Lot Act to enhance safety and limit EV battery fires.

South Korea considers new fire safety measures after EV incident: Summary

Management teams in South Korea are exploring measures to mitigate fire risks after an EV explosion in Incheon led to the evacuation of over 200 families.

The incident, involving an unplugged electric Mercedes-Benz sedan, resulted in significant property damage and hospitalised twenty-three people.

Public concern about EV safety is rising, with social media debates and potential impacts on car purchases.

Legislative responses include proposed revisions to the Parking Lot Act to improve fire safety standards.

Electric vehicle fire training course launched in the UK

Innovative EV fire training course launched in the UK

As reported by the International Fire Training Centre (IFTC), the UK’s first dedicated Electric Vehicle (EV) fire course has been developed at their facility.

The course aims to provide emergency responders with practical training in managing EV-involved fires and raising critical safety awareness.

Managed and operated by Serco, the course features an innovative ‘EV fire simulator’ designed to facilitate multiple scenarios for effective and repeatable training.

The simulator includes electric vehicle thermal runaway and fire simulation, enabling fire personnel to practice fire suppression techniques, such as vehicle fire blanket application and under chassis cooling.

Non-fire first responders will also participate in precautionary measures like vehicle fire blanket application and observe live fire exercises, experiencing the simulated conditions of an EV fire.

Ryan Flaherty, Serco Training and Resilience Director, said: “With almost one in four – that’s 14 million – electric vehicles already in operation around the globe, it’s never been more important to know how to safely contain and suppress Electric Vehicle fires.”

Collaboration with experts enhances course development

The IFTC has partnered with Martin Lown BEM from FireWiseUK Learning Academy to develop the simulator.

Martin, a seasoned expert with 30 years in the UK Fire and Rescue Service, specialises in vehicle fire investigation and alternative-fuelled vehicles (AFVs) and EVs.

His expertise, combined with the engineering capabilities of Bridgehill Fire Blankets, has resulted in a state-of-the-art training tool.

Martin stated: “With the worldwide green agenda dictating the transition to zero emission vehicles, and the subsequent rise in AFVs on our roads, vehicle risk is changing rapidly, as numbers of AFVs increase, dramatically.”

He highlighted the challenges first responders face in keeping up with the rapid advancements in EV technology and the associated risks of lithium-ion batteries.

The new course aligns with the IMI National Occupational Standards EV02a & EV02b for Electric Vehicle Response, providing essential awareness and knowledge of EV thermal events and fires under realistic training conditions.

Background on the International Fire Training Centre

The IFTC, managed by Serco, is renowned for its comprehensive aviation fire training programs.

For many years, firefighters from around the world have trained at IFTC, utilising its multiple fire simulators for real-time emergency exercises.

The centre’s export success since 1996 includes training thousands of delegates annually, with clients ranging from NATO to various international nations.

The 9-acre site features appliances for training exercises and an onsite water treatment facility that processes runoff, allowing for the use of diverse fire extinguishing media, including foam and powder.

This versatility in training media is typically restricted in other settings but is available at IFTC due to its advanced facilities.

Evonik expands heat and fire-resistant coatings for electric vehicle batteries

Evonik introduces advanced fire-resistant coatings for EV battery safety

Evonik is expanding its TEGO Therm product range to include heat protection and fire-resistant coatings for electric vehicle (EV) battery housings and covers.

As reported by Evonik, the rapidly growing EV market is seeing increasingly stringent safety standards for lithium-ion batteries.

The TEGO Therm coatings offer a robust solution for the industry’s need for effective thermal insulation barriers, essential for preventing thermal runaway in EV batteries.

Dr Benjamin Schaeffner, Global Head of Market Segment Industrial and Transportation Coatings at Evonik Coating Additives, said: “With the electric mobility sector accelerating, the safety of lithium-ion batteries in EVs has never been more crucial.

“TEGO Therm is our response to the industry’s call for reliable thermal barriers that not only meet but surpass the stringent safety standards of today.”

Components of the TEGO Therm toolbox

The TEGO Therm toolbox includes various components designed to enhance the performance of thermal insulation and fire-resistant coatings.

TEGO Therm HPG 4000 granules feature a microporous silica core, providing low thermal conductivity, high hydrophobicity, and reduced flammability.

TEGO Therm HPG 6806 granules excel in insulation, strengthen mechanical performance, and ensure smooth surfaces of insulation coatings.

The waterborne polysiloxane hybrid binder, TEGO Therm L 300, enhances the thermal stability and fire resistance of protective coatings.

These coatings meet the UL 94 V-0 fire safety standards, providing a new level of protection for EV batteries.

The versatility of TEGO Therm allows for spray application on complex three-dimensional substrates, ensuring complete and efficient fire resistance coverage.

Dr. Niko Haberkorn, Global Head of Business Development for the Market Segment Industrial & Transportation Coatings at Evonik Coating Additives, said: “The synergy between TEGO Therm binder and granules is at the core of our solution.

“It minimizes heat transfer and effectively inhibits the spread of fires, offering crucial additional time for emergency response.

“Moreover, our products ensure high mechanical resistance, maintaining structural integrity in high-temperature scenarios.”

Evonik’s commitment to rigorous testing

Evonik’s dedication to safety and innovation is demonstrated through rigorous testing of TEGO Therm-based coatings.

When exposed to a propylene flame exceeding 1000 °C, these coatings effectively protected the substrate, maintaining moderate temperatures on the back of the substrate even with a thin dry film thickness.

These results highlight the effectiveness of TEGO Therm in insulating against intense heat and its suitability for space-constrained applications.

The expansion of TEGO Therm products marks a notable advancement in EV battery safety.

As the electric mobility market continues to grow, Evonik’s commitment to providing reliable and efficient coating solutions will contribute to a safer and more sustainable future for the automotive industry.

Evonik’s expertise in coating additives

Evonik’s Coating Additives business line offers a wide range of specialty additives for the coatings and inks sector.

With decades of expertise, the business provides pioneering products for various coatings markets, including decorative coatings, industrial coatings, automotive coatings, and printing inks.

Data highlights increase in electric vehicle battery fires in the UK

Introduction to the UK’s growing issue with EV battery fires

The popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) has surged in recent years, leading to an increase in the number of fires caused by EV batteries.

This alarming trend has been highlighted in a recent study conducted by CE Safety, which sheds light on the regions most affected by these fires in the UK during the fiscal year 2022/23.

Regional analysis of electric vehicle battery fires

The study, based on Freedom of Information requests to Fire and Rescue Services, reveals a total of 390 battery fires related to EVs.

This marks a significant rise from the data collected over the previous five years (2017-2022).

Greater London emerged as the most affected region with 219 battery fires, a dramatic increase compared to other regions.

Lancashire and Merseyside followed, with 16 and 14 EV battery fires, respectively.

Notably, five regions including Cheshire and Gloucestershire reported zero EV-related battery fires.

Insight into electric vehicle types most prone to battery fires

The types of EVs experiencing these fires have also evolved.

Electric bikes topped the list with 160 incidents, a stark contrast to the previous five-year period where electric cars were more prone to battery fires.

This shift highlights the changing landscape of EV usage and the associated risks.

Preventative measures and safety tips

With the rise in EV usage, understanding the risks associated with lithium batteries, which power these vehicles, becomes critical.

Lithium batteries are sensitive to high temperatures and prone to overheating, posing a fire risk.

Merseyside Fire and Rescue Service offers crucial advice to mitigate these risks, including charging vehicles outside, ensuring smoke alarms are fitted, and avoiding overnight charging.

Find the full breakdown report here.

IFSJ Comment

The report from CE Safety underscores a growing concern in the realm of fire safety: the increase in electric vehicle battery fires.

This trend is particularly worrying given the rapid adoption of EVs as a sustainable transport solution.

The detailed regional analysis provides valuable insights for fire and safety professionals, highlighting the need for enhanced awareness and preventative measures.

The shift in the types of vehicles most affected, from cars to electric bikes, reflects the evolving nature of EV use and underscores the importance of adapting safety protocols accordingly.

As we embrace new technologies, it’s crucial to remain vigilant about the associated risks and ensure that safety remains a top priority.

Research highlights lower fire risk in electric cars compared to petrol and diesel vehicles

Recent research has shed light on the fire risks associated with electric vehicles (EVs), revealing that they are significantly lower compared to their petrol and diesel counterparts.

This finding comes amidst growing concerns and debates over the safety of EVs.

Electric cars less likely to catch fire

According to a study by the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, electric vehicles are 20 times less likely to catch fire than petrol and diesel cars.

The study, corroborated by data from a US insurer using National Transportation Safety Board figures, indicates that battery-powered EVs suffer only 25 fires per 100,000 sold.

In stark contrast, petrol or diesel vehicles experience 1,530 fires per 100,000, with hybrid vehicles at a notably higher risk of 3,475 fires per 100,000​​​​.

Comparative fire risk in electric cars

The Conversation reported that the fire risk for petrol and diesel vehicles is between 20 and 80 times greater than that for EVs. This significant difference highlights the relative safety of electric vehicles in terms of fire hazards​​.

Statistics from the London Fire Brigade

In a practical context, the London Fire Brigade’s data aligns with these findings.

A Freedom of Information request submitted by Air Quality News revealed that in 2019, the Brigade tackled 54 EV fires compared to 1,898 fires involving petrol or diesel cars​​.

Hybrid vehicles at higher risk

Interestingly, hybrid vehicles, which combine electric and internal combustion engines, present the highest fire risk.

Autoweek reported that hybrid vehicles experienced the most fires per 100,000 sales, with 3,474.5 fires, compared to 1,529.9 for petrol or diesel vehicles and just 25.1 for electric vehicles​​.

IFSJ Comment

This research is a significant revelation in the ongoing debate about the safety of electric vehicles.

The data clearly indicates that electric cars pose a much lower fire risk compared to petrol and diesel vehicles.

This finding is particularly relevant for fire safety professionals, policymakers, and consumers alike, as it provides empirical evidence countering the perception that electric vehicles are more prone to fires.

It also underscores the need for continued research and development in electric vehicle technology, not just for environmental benefits but also for enhanced safety features.

The lower fire risk associated with EVs could play a crucial role in their adoption, shaping future transportation policies and safety standards.

About Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles, powered by electricity stored in batteries rather than by burning fuel, have been gaining popularity due to their environmental benefits.

However, their safety, particularly concerning fire risks, has been a subject of scrutiny.

This latest research contributes to a better understanding of EVs’ fire safety profile compared to traditional petrol and diesel vehicles, offering a new perspective in the evaluation of their overall safety.

Read IFSJ’s explainer article on thermal runaway.

Arup collaborates with OZEV to formulate fire safety guidelines for covered car parks

Thousands of covered car parks set to be retrofitted

Thousands of covered car parks may soon require retrofitting, along with new designs for fresh constructions.

This is in response to the fire safety implications of electric vehicles (EVs), which significantly differ from those of combustion engines.

In partnership with the UK’s Office for Zero Emissions Vehicles (OZEV), Arup has stepped up to produce interim safety guidance aimed at supporting the parking and charging of EVs within covered car parks.

Fire safety in covered car parks as EVs gain popularity

The shift to electric vehicles is an integral part of achieving net zero. The UK has already planned to ban the sale of non-electric vehicles from 2030.

This monumental transition demands an infrastructural upgrade to accommodate the growing number of electric passenger vehicles and vans.

The provision of adequate charging capacity poses a major challenge. In the UK, grant programmes have been initiated to speed up the installation of EV charging points.

However, until now, there was a significant gap in the safety guidance surrounding fire risks at these charge points.

Different responses needed for rare EV fires

Although rare, EV fires necessitate a unique response. According to data reported by Arup, in Norway, where EVs constitute nearly ten percent of cars, they account for less than three percent of vehicle fires.

Thatcham Research, the UK motor insurers’ research centre, conducted a study between 2018 and 2020. They found that only 0.001% of plug-in hybrids and 0.003% of range-extended electric vehicles had fire claims, lower than the 0.007% of petrol vehicles and 0.011% of diesel vehicles.

Arup’s new guidelines underline why even these infrequent incidents require a radically different approach to fire safety.

Factors like the size of the battery, its chemistry, and the state of charge can influence the thermal runaway in an EV battery, leading to decomposition of battery elements and potential ignition.

Measures to improve safety in covered car parks

Arup’s report details a comprehensive range of measures to improve safety during the development or retrofitting of covered car parks.

These include certain structural changes that can help to prevent the spread of fires, such as increasing the distance between parked cars or constructing barriers between bays.

The report also emphasises technological solutions like thermal monitoring cameras at ground level. These can identify early signs of rising battery temperatures and allow for preventive action.

The most crucial advice is to ensure that EV charging points are installed with safety as the foremost consideration.

The guidelines stress the importance of adhering to a clear standard for EV charging points and ensuring a manual override function is in place.

The full guidelines can be found here.

IFSJ Comment

With the rise of electric vehicles, the significance of this new guidance cannot be overstated. It represents a crucial step towards creating a safer environment in covered car parks across the country, ultimately contributing to the broader goal of promoting sustainable mobility. It will be interesting to see how this guidance shapes the future design and retrofitting of car parks in the light of increasing EV usage.