Snacking at work linked to weight issues among firefighters

by Featured NewsHealth and SafetyResearch

Firefighters in the UK face workplace health challenge

A recent study conducted by Oxford Online Pharmacy has found that firefighters are among the professions in the UK where workplace snacking is considered a major obstacle to weight loss.

The survey, conducted in April 2025 by Censuswide and based on responses from 2,000 UK adults, explored how job roles influence eating habits.

According to Oxford Online Pharmacy, 33.33% of firefighters surveyed said workplace snacks were a barrier to weight management.

The company said estate and letting agents reported the highest rate, with 37.5% citing vending machines and workplace snacks as a factor in weight gain.

Survey examines health barriers in the workplace

Oxford Online Pharmacy stated that broadcasters were tied with firefighters at 33.33% in reporting workplace snacks as a problem.

The study also noted that 26.67% of lorry and taxi drivers blamed eating on the job for difficulties with weight loss.

According to the company, these jobs often involve mobile routines and high workloads that limit access to home-cooked meals.

Oxford Online Pharmacy explained that these types of professions frequently operate in high-pressure environments with limited opportunities for food preparation, making quick snacks a more accessible option.

Lack of time and stress contribute to poor diet choices

Oxford Online Pharmacy found that lack of time to cook and workplace stress were additional factors affecting food choices. It reported that people working in mobile or shift-based roles were more likely to experience these barriers.

The company said that stress and limited time can drive workers to rely on fast food and vending machines, which are often calorie-dense and lacking in nutrition.

It added that stress-related eating patterns can lead to overconsumption, especially when healthier alternatives are unavailable during working hours.

Guidance issued for employers and employees

Kiran Jones, Clinical Pharmacist at Oxford Online Pharmacy, provided advice for workers and employers to support healthier choices. Jones said: “If grab-and-go and fast-food options are stopping you from eating healthy and nutritious lunches or snacks, it’s time you took back control and packed your own.”

Jones continued: “Instead of relying on quick, unhealthy options, consider packing a lunchbox filled with lean proteins and fruits and vegetables, as well as plenty of nutritious snacks.”

Jones added: “Soups in thermos flasks are also perfect for weight loss if you prefer a hot meal or avoid food wastage by boxing up last night’s leftovers.”

For employers, Jones said: “While you can’t necessarily control what workers eat when they’re on the road, you can switch up the food that’s available in the workplace.”

Jones stated: “Encourage workers to set their own break times where they can eat in peace between jobs.

“Rushing or skipping meals can result in poor food choices later in the day and irregular eating patterns can have an impact on mood and energy levels.”

Jones further recommended: “Workplaces should also ensure employees are aware of any support services that are available to them in and outside of the workplace, for their mental or physical health.”

Workplace snacking challenges for firefighters and other UK workers: Summary

Oxford Online Pharmacy conducted a UK-wide survey of 2,000 adults in April 2025.

The research examined barriers to weight loss and healthy eating in the workplace.

It found that 33.33% of firefighters considered workplace snacking a challenge to weight control.

Estate and letting agents had the highest rate, at 37.5%.

Broadcasters also reported 33.33%, and 26.67% of taxi and lorry drivers identified on-the-job eating as a problem.

Oxford Online Pharmacy stated that stress and limited food preparation time contributed to poor diet choices.

Kiran Jones, Clinical Pharmacist at Oxford Online Pharmacy, shared advice for healthy eating on the job.

Suggestions included pre-planning meals, increasing water intake and changing available snack options.

Jones also encouraged flexible break times and access to workplace wellbeing resources.

Global forest loss 2024: Tropical forest loss doubles as fire becomes main cause

by Featured NewsResearchWildland Fire

Fires surpass agriculture as leading cause of forest loss

World Resources Institute has reported that global forest loss rose to its highest level on record in 2024, with fire overtaking agriculture as the main cause of tropical primary forest destruction.

The data, published by the University of Maryland’s GLAD Lab on WRI’s Global Forest Watch platform, showed 6.7 million hectares of tropical primary forest were lost, nearly double the previous year’s total.

WRI stated that fire accounted for nearly 50% of all tropical primary forest loss, while other causes rose by 14%, marking the sharpest increase since 2016.

The organisation added that forest fires in 2024 emitted 4.1 gigatonnes of greenhouse gases, over four times the emissions from all global air travel in 2023.

Elizabeth Goldman, Co-Director, WRI’s Global Forest Watch said: “This level of forest loss is unlike anything we’ve seen in over 20 years of data.

“It’s a global red alert — a collective call to action for every country, every business and every person who cares about a livable planet.

“Our economies, our communities, our health — none of it can survive without forests.”

Brazil and Bolivia record largest increases in tropical forest loss

World Resources Institute reported that Brazil accounted for 42% of tropical primary forest loss in 2024.

It stated that 66% of Brazil’s forest loss was due to fires, which were intensified by the worst drought in the country’s recorded history.

The organisation added that forest loss from non-fire causes rose by 13%, largely linked to soy and cattle farming.

In Bolivia, WRI reported that primary forest loss rose by 200%, reaching 1.5 million hectares.

It noted that Bolivia became the second-highest country for tropical primary forest loss, overtaking the Democratic Republic of Congo despite having less than half its forest area.

More than half of Bolivia’s loss was caused by fires often linked to agricultural clearing, which escalated into megafires due to drought.

Stasiek Czaplicki Cabezas, Data Journalist at Revista Nomadas said: “The fires that tore through Bolivia in 2024 left deep scars — not only on the land, but on the people who depend on it.

“The damage could take centuries to undo.

“Across the tropics, we need stronger fire response systems and a shift away from policies that encourage dangerous land clearing, or this pattern of destruction will only get worse.”

Forest loss in Colombia and Congo Basin linked to conflict and climate

World Resources Institute stated that Colombia experienced a 50% increase in primary forest loss in 2024.

It reported that fires were not the primary cause. Instead, non-fire-related loss rose by 53%, attributed to instability following the breakdown in peace negotiations and an increase in illegal mining and coca production.

Joaquin Carrizosa, Senior Advisor, WRI Colombia said: “In 2023, Colombia saw the biggest drop in primary forest loss in 20 years, proving that when government and communities work together, real change is possible.”

Carrizosa added: “The rise in primary forest loss in 2024 is a setback, but it shouldn’t discourage us as a country.

“We need to keep supporting local, nature-based economies – especially in remote areas – and invest in solutions that protect the environment, create jobs and foster peace.”

In the Republic of Congo, WRI reported a 150% increase in forest loss compared to the previous year.

It stated that 45% of that loss was fire-related, driven by high temperatures and dry conditions.

In the Democratic Republic of Congo, the organisation linked increased forest loss to poverty, dependence on forest resources, and conflict.

Teodyl Nkuintchua, Congo Basin Strategy & Engagement Lead, WRI Africa said: “The high rates of forest loss in the DRC reflect the tough realities our communities are facing — poverty, conflict and a deep reliance on forests for survival.

“There’s no silver bullet, but we won’t change the current trajectory until people across the Congo Basin are fully empowered to lead conservation efforts that also support their rural economies.”

Some progress recorded in Southeast Asia

World Resources Institute reported that Southeast Asia showed improvements in forest loss during 2024.

It stated that Indonesia reduced primary forest loss by 11%, reversing an upward trend seen between 2021 and 2023.

Malaysia recorded a 13% decline in primary forest loss and dropped out of the top 10 countries for tropical forest loss for the first time.

WRI attributed the progress in Indonesia to land restoration policies and fire prevention efforts implemented under former President Joko Widodo.

Arief Wijaya, Managing Director, WRI Indonesia said: “We’re proud that Indonesia is one of the few countries in the world to reduce primary forest loss.

“But deforestation remains a concern due to plantations, small-scale farming and mining — even within protected areas.

“We hope the current administration keeps the momentum going.”

Outside the tropics, the organisation reported a 5% increase in global tree cover loss compared to 2023.

It stated that the combined losses in Canada and Russia contributed to the global total of 30 million hectares of tree cover loss in 2024.

WRI noted that this marked the first time that major fire events occurred simultaneously in both tropical and boreal forests in Global Forest Watch records.

Global forest loss 2024 driven by record fires: Summary

World Resources Institute reported that 2024 recorded the highest tropical primary forest loss on record.

Fire accounted for nearly 50% of the total tropical forest loss.

A total of 6.7 million hectares of tropical primary forest were lost.

Fire-related emissions reached 4.1 gigatonnes of greenhouse gases.

Brazil accounted for 42% of the total, with 66% of its loss caused by fire.

Bolivia recorded a 200% increase, reaching 1.5 million hectares.

Colombia’s forest loss increased by 50%, mainly linked to illegal mining and coca production.

The Republic of Congo’s loss rose by 150%, with 45% caused by fire.

The Democratic Republic of Congo’s increase was attributed to poverty and conflict.

Indonesia reduced forest loss by 11%, and Malaysia by 13%.

Global tree cover loss rose by 5%, totalling 30 million hectares.

All data was sourced from the University of Maryland’s GLAD Lab and published by Global Forest Watch.

Wildfires 2025: CAMS data reveals record fire emissions in UK and South Korea

by Health and SafetyResearchSafetyWildland Fire

Southeast Asia sees drop in wildfire emissions

The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) has reported that the Upper ASEAN region recorded one of its lowest wildfire emission levels for the first four months of 2025, based on satellite-derived data going back to 2003.

According to CAMS, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam experienced a decrease in fire emissions, with particularly intense fire activity in March and April.

The data indicated that while the total emissions were relatively low, fires in rural areas still led to high smoke concentrations across urban centres.

CAMS attributed the drop in emissions to regional efforts to reduce crop burning and transboundary haze.

It said initiatives such as the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution and related national actions contributed to a declining trend, though disparities in monitoring capacity and implementation remain challenges.

Wildfire emissions surge in UK and Ireland

CAMS has reported that the United Kingdom and Ireland experienced one of the most intense fire seasons on record for the January to April period, with the UK recording nearly 30,000 hectares burned by 6 May.

According to the data, England faced its driest spring start in almost 70 years. Fires were observed in counties including Dorset, Cumbria and Derbyshire, and warnings were issued for Northern Ireland.

CAMS estimated this was the second highest emission level for the UK and Ireland since 2003.

The Netherlands also recorded its highest April fire emissions.

The European Drought Observatory classified most of northwestern Europe under “watch” or “warning” conditions, reflecting the warmer and drier weather that contributed to the early fire activity.

South Korea experiences deadliest wildfires

CAMS reported that March 2025 saw South Korea’s worst wildfire event on record, with over 104,000 hectares burned and 32 fatalities reported.

The fires, which lasted a full week, also destroyed 5,000 buildings. CAMS said its data showed emissions levels more than four times higher than the country’s usual annual average.

An attribution study found that climate change made the March fire conditions twice as likely. CAMS noted that the fires spread rapidly due to dry and windy weather and originated from two initial fire sites which expanded over a 70 kilometre path.

South Asia and global fire activity overview

CAMS analysis highlighted persistent haze across South Asia during early 2025.

It reported that agricultural fires and anthropogenic pollution, combined with regional orography, contributed to poor air quality across northern India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal.

The organisation noted that forest fires affected the Kathmandu Valley in March and that fine particulate matter levels remained elevated throughout the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

Elsewhere, CAMS reported notable fires in southern California and Patagonia during the first quarter of 2025.

Fire activity in Brazil and Bolivia was reportedly lower compared to the same period in 2024.

As of mid-May, fires had begun in eastern Eurasia and Canada, and were being closely monitored by CAMS.

Wildfires 2025: CAMS data reveals record fire emissions in UK and South Korea: Summary

The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service reported low fire emissions in Southeast Asia for January to April 2025.

CAMS attributed this decline to efforts in reducing slash-and-burn agriculture and regional agreements on transboundary pollution.

The United Kingdom experienced its second highest fire-related emissions for this period since 2003.

Nearly 30,000 hectares were reported burned in the UK by early May.

The Netherlands recorded its highest wildfire emissions for April since records began.

South Korea saw its most destructive fires on record, with 104,000 hectares burned and 32 fatalities.

CAMS data showed South Korea’s wildfire emissions in March were four times higher than the annual average.

An attribution study stated climate change doubled the likelihood of South Korea’s March fires.

CAMS recorded high levels of PM2.5 across South Asia due to winter and spring haze.

Forest fires in California and South America were also reported, though emissions in the Orinoco region were low.

Fire activity had begun increasing in eastern Eurasia and Canada by mid-May.

CAMS wildfire emissions data is based on satellite observation and forecasting models.

New centre to improve workplace safety through evidence-based research

by Featured NewsHealth and SafetyResearchSafety

New funding centre focuses on safety evidence

Lloyd’s Register Foundation has launched the Global Safety Evidence Centre with a £15 million investment over 10 years to improve global understanding of safety interventions.

According to Lloyd’s Register Foundation, the new Centre will support research into what works to reduce harm, especially in high-risk sectors and regions where safety evidence is lacking.

The Foundation has also announced a £2 million funding call for occupational safety and health (OSH) projects that address gaps in safety data, intervention effectiveness and evidence use in decision-making.

Reports highlight global safety data shortfalls

The Foundation has said the Centre’s launch follows the publication of two reports by RAND Europe, which identified a shortage of reliable comparative data on safety measures.

The first report reviewed OSH interventions and noted the lack of consistent global evidence on their effectiveness.

The second gathered input from safety professionals in high-risk industries who reported difficulty accessing clear, practical evidence.

Nancy Hey, Director of Evidence and Insight at Lloyd’s Register Foundation, said: “Evidence is critical to improving the safety of people and property; without it, we cannot fully understand the nature and scale of safety challenges faced by people around the world, nor what works to protect them from harm.”

She added: “However, around the world and across industrial sectors, many professionals, policy and decision-makers who need to consider safety do not have access to sufficient high quality evidence; either because it does not yet exist, or because it has not been collated and communicated to them in an understandable and actionable form.”

Applications invited for OSH research projects

The Centre is now accepting expressions of interest from researchers, institutions and safety practitioners worldwide for funding up to £250,000 per project.

Lloyd’s Register Foundation stated that eligible research includes evidence reviews, trials, policy analysis and data projects addressing workplace safety or safety science.

The Foundation encourages applications from its Ocean Centre countries – Brazil, Kenya, Ghana, Bangladesh, India, Philippines and Indonesia – and from organisations that demonstrate collaboration with practitioners and communities.

Martin Cottam, Chair of the Centre’s Expert Advisory Panel and former Chair of the ISO Technical Committee on Occupational Health and Safety Management, said: “As safety practitioners we are presented with a sometimes bewildering range of tools and methods with which to manage safety risks, but often without much evidence to demonstrate their effectiveness, or evidence of the conditions under which they are more or less effective.”

He added: “The work of the Centre will help safety practitioners navigate this landscape, enabling them to be confident in selecting approaches that have been shown to deliver real safety improvement.”

Research themes include workplace risk and safety science

Lloyd’s Register Foundation explained that projects should align with one of two themes: safe work or safety science.

Safe work projects are expected to explore effective safety measures in high-hazard industries and contribute to Sustainable Development Goal 8.8 on safe working environments.

Safety science projects may include research into risk definitions, measurement models, and how safety evidence is used in practice across sectors such as transport, energy and critical infrastructure.

Funding priorities set out in full guidance

According to Lloyd’s Register Foundation, proposals will be assessed on relevance, feasibility, impact and methodological rigour.

Eligible organisations include academic institutions, research centres, and non-profits globally.

Applications will be prioritised if they demonstrate collaboration, offer open access outputs or align with the Foundation’s strategic areas such as safer maritime systems or infrastructure.

The Foundation stated that while funding is available up to £250,000, projects requesting higher amounts must involve multiple regions or types of research.

Centre to focus on practitioner engagement

The Foundation said it is particularly interested in practitioner-led work that reflects local needs and real-world safety practice.

It added that proposals could include mapping practitioner knowledge, comparing qualifications, or working with communities to embed evidence in local safety plans.

Projects may also involve co-designing research agendas with safety professionals, especially in under-researched sectors such as ports, shipyards or search and rescue operations.

Application process includes webinar and phased review

Lloyd’s Register Foundation outlined a three-stage application process beginning with registration through its Flexigrant system.

Expressions of interest are due by 17 September 2025.

A webinar for applicants will be held on 26 June 2025 to provide guidance on the application process and eligibility requirements.

Following initial review, shortlisted applicants will be invited to submit full proposals by 12 December 2025, with projects expected to begin from March 2026.

Centre to publish further reports later in 2025

The Foundation has confirmed that later in 2025, the Centre will publish further reports on the impact of new technologies and climate-related risks.

A forthcoming publication will address how innovations such as artificial intelligence, robotics and virtual reality are affecting workplace safety.

Another report will examine links between occupational safety and health and climate change, a topic the International Labour Organization (ILO) has identified as a research priority.

Joaquim Pintado Nunes, ILO Branch Chief for Occupational Safety and Health and the Working Environment, said: “Lack of data remains one of the biggest challenges to improving workplace safety worldwide — it’s the fourth major gap identified in national OSH systems by ILO Member States.”

He added: “In many regions, research on the scale of the problem is also still scarce. The launch of the Global Safety Evidence Centre marks a vital step forward in closing this gap.”

Lloyd’s Register Foundation funds global safety research centre: Summary

Lloyd’s Register Foundation has announced the Global Safety Evidence Centre.

The Centre is supported by £15 million in funding over 10 years.

It will collate and publish research on what works to improve safety.

A funding call worth £2 million has opened for OSH research proposals.

RAND Europe’s reports found a lack of reliable safety intervention data.

Nancy Hey said many professionals lack access to quality safety evidence.

The Centre aims to close knowledge gaps and improve decision-making.

Martin Cottam said safety professionals need better evidence on effectiveness.

The Centre will release reports on safety and technology later in 2025.

The ILO said the Centre could help close global safety data gaps.

Funding is open to global organisations and prioritises practitioner input.

Applications close 17 September 2025.

Projects are expected to begin from March 2026.

Hyundai Mobis develops thermal runaway prevention system for EV batteries

by Featured NewsResearchSafety

New cell-level fire extinguishing system targets thermal runaway prevention

Hyundai Mobis has reported the development of new technology designed to prevent thermal runaway in electric vehicle batteries.

The South Korea-based automotive supplier explained that its system extinguishes fire at the battery cell level by spraying an agent as soon as combustion is detected.

The technology marks the first approach focused on blocking heat transfer to adjacent cells, rather than simply delaying ignition.

Hyundai Mobis stated that its approach contrasts with previous designs which rely on heat-resistant materials to delay ignition for regulatory minimums.

International standards in regions such as Europe, China, and India currently require thermal runaway to be delayed for at least five minutes.

The company said that its battery system assembly (BSA) is designed to meet these evolving global regulatory trends.

Hyundai Mobis system integrates sensors and automated fire suppression logic

According to Hyundai Mobis, the BSA includes a battery management system (BMS), integrated fire suppression hardware, and software to coordinate responses.

The company explained that the software uses real-time sensor data to monitor temperature, voltage, and internal pressure.

Based on these readings, the system identifies abnormal conditions and pinpoints where the fire extinguishing agent needs to be deployed.

Hyundai Mobis stated that the suppression device then activates to prevent further heat transfer between battery cells.

The firm added that its decision-making algorithm includes built-in redundancy and layered safety mechanisms to maintain reliable operation.

Cooling agent used is five times stronger than domestic extinguishers

Hyundai Mobis said the battery system uses a specialised fire extinguishing agent with a capacity five times larger than a standard 3.3 kilogram home extinguisher.

The company described the agent as offering strong cooling, electrical insulation, and permeability characteristics.

It also stated that the agent is non-toxic and environmentally safe.

Hyundai Mobis confirmed that it has applied for three patents related to the battery case, extinguishing device, and integrated piping for high-pressure spraying.

Material innovation supports wider battery safety goals

Hyundai Mobis reported that it has also developed a new material to reduce battery overheating.

The component, known as a pulsating heat pipe, is made from aluminium alloy and refrigerant.

Placed between battery cells, the pipe lowers the internal temperature during high-load conditions such as fast charging.

The company said this system will support more stable thermal management during real-world operation.

Park Yong Jun, Vice President, Battery System R&D Group, Hyundai Mobis, said: “As large electric vehicles with improved driving range appear, the safety standards for battery systems are becoming more stringent.

“We will integrate hardware and software to develop advanced battery systems that meet and exceed global standards, and introduce them to the global market.”

Hyundai Mobis develops thermal runaway prevention system for EV batteries: Summary

Hyundai Mobis has announced the development of a new fire suppression system for EV batteries.

The technology activates at the cell level to prevent heat transfer that causes thermal runaway.

The system uses sensors to monitor battery conditions in real time.

Automated logic triggers fire extinguishing precisely where abnormal heat or pressure is detected.

The agent used is five times the capacity of a standard home extinguisher.

Hyundai Mobis said the agent is safe for both people and the environment.

Three patent applications cover the battery case, suppression system, and spraying mechanism.

The company is also working on a new material to reduce heat between cells during charging.

Trust-based model and machine learning improve forest fire detection system

by Featured NewsResearch

Forest fire detection model developed using trust and machine learning

A study published in Scientific Reports by Tayyab Khan, Karan Singh, Bhoopesh Singh Bhati, Khaleel Ahmad, Amal Al-Rasheed, Masresha Getahun and Ben Othman Soufiene has outlined the development of a trust-based, machine learning-enabled system for early forest fire detection.

The research introduces a Universal Trust Model (UTM) designed to evaluate the reliability of wireless sensor networks and improve the accuracy of fire detection by validating environmental data before transmission.

The study reports that the system was tested on a dataset of 7200 samples, which included varied fire and weather conditions across multiple locations.

Intelligent sensors assess environmental changes in real time

The study explains that forest areas are segmented into clusters, with each cluster equipped with intelligent sensor nodes (ISNs) that measure variables such as temperature, humidity, light intensity and gas concentrations.

Each sensor is uniquely identified and assessed for trustworthiness using metrics that include energy levels, communication consistency and data reliability.

The authors stated that ISNs deemed unreliable or malicious are removed from the network, allowing only trusted data to influence detection outcomes.

Trust ratings improve system resilience and detection speed

The Universal Trust Model functions in two phases. At the sensor level, it calculates trust values, and at the base station, it applies machine learning to verify fire-related patterns in the incoming data.

According to the study, this structure improves detection accuracy and reduces false alarms, especially under challenging environmental conditions such as low visibility or extreme weather.

The authors noted that the model enhances decision-making by combining continuous sensor validation with algorithmic analysis.

Experimental data supports improved performance

The model was tested in diverse conditions across locations such as Sanjay Van and Jawaharlal Nehru University campus in Delhi.

Researchers gathered data during daytime and nighttime, across dry and humid environments, and simulated both high- and low-intensity fire events.

According to the findings, the proposed system achieved an accuracy rate of 98.5 percent in identifying fire presence, with a reduced rate of false positives and negatives compared to earlier models.

Machine learning and trust model improve data efficiency

The authors reported that once environmental indicators exceed threshold levels, the base station’s machine learning algorithm verifies the likelihood of fire and, if confirmed, dispatches alerts to relevant authorities.

This process is designed to reduce alert time by using recent and validated data for decision-making.

By filtering unreliable sensors before reaching the central system, the model aims to ensure more consistent and responsive fire detection.

Energy efficiency and coverage considered in deployment

The research details how sensor deployment was optimised to maintain wide area coverage while conserving battery life, aided by solar panels and rechargeable batteries.

Sensor distances were calculated to balance energy usage with detection reliability, and the trust model factored in energy levels to avoid misclassifying low-power sensors.

This architecture supports longer network lifespan and more accurate detection, especially in resource-constrained environments.

Limitations identified in real-world implementation

The authors acknowledged that sparse sensor placement may cause detection gaps, while harsh weather could distort readings.

They also noted the need for retraining machine learning models as new fire scenarios emerge, and pointed to the potential risk of network congestion in large-scale deployments.

Plans for future development include adaptive clustering, energy harvesting and the use of federated learning to update models in real time.

Trust-based model and machine learning improve forest fire detection system: Summary

A study published in Scientific Reports outlined a machine learning and trust-based system for early forest fire detection.

The Universal Trust Model (UTM) uses intelligent sensor networks to monitor environmental conditions.

Each sensor is assigned a trust score based on communication, energy and data accuracy.

Faulty or malicious sensors are excluded from the network.

Sensor data includes temperature, humidity, CO levels and other fire-related indicators.

Data is transmitted to a base station only if verified as reliable.

A machine learning model analyses the data and triggers alerts if fire indicators are confirmed.

The model was tested with 7200 samples collected under varied weather and fire conditions.

It achieved 98.5 percent accuracy in fire detection with low false alarm rates.

Sensor placement was optimised for both energy efficiency and wide coverage.

Limitations include coverage gaps, model retraining needs and risks from coordinated attacks.

Future improvements will focus on energy harvesting, real-time learning and network scalability.

Fire statistics 2025 report to include global high rise buildings data

by Featured NewsResearchSafety

International data collection continues for 2023 fire report

Work is ongoing on the 30th edition of the Fire Statistics Magazine, due for publication by the International Association of Fire and Rescue Services (CTIF), according to CTIF.

The report will include a special chapter dedicated to fires in high rise buildings, with a planned length of nearly 200 pages.

CTIF has reported that the final deadline for submitting fire incident data from 2023 is the end of May 2025.

Data on high rise building fires under analysis

CTIF stated that it has already received fire statistics from several member countries.

However, it is continuing to seek further input from national authorities and organisations in non-member countries ahead of the deadline.

The organisation said all incoming data is currently being reviewed and analysed.

New chapter to assess use and fire risk in high rise buildings

According to CTIF, the high rise building chapter will include an introduction, historical overview, and literature review.

It will also feature case studies of international fires in tall buildings and examine high rises by use type, including hospitals, hotels and residential properties.

Other sections will address façade fires, national regulations, and building operations for vulnerable groups.

Global survey launched on high rise fire response and regulation

CTIF has developed a new survey that aims to gather country-specific information on tall building use, fire statistics and operational readiness.

The survey contains 16 questions covering issues such as fire brigade capabilities, building height thresholds, and the use of helicopters or drones in tall structure fire response.

It also seeks input on regulations for medical, educational, and mixed-use facilities in high rise settings.

According to CTIF, the report is scheduled to be finalised in time for its upcoming international event in Sofia.

Fire statistics 2025 report to include global high rise buildings data: Summary

CTIF is currently compiling its Fire Statistics Magazine 2025, covering fire data from the year 2023.

The deadline for submitting national fire statistics is the end of May 2025.

A new chapter in the report will focus specifically on fires in high rise buildings.

This section is expected to span around 200 pages.

CTIF has received data from member countries.

It has requested additional submissions from non-member countries.

The organisation is currently analysing all received data.

Content in the chapter will include case studies, regulatory frameworks and usage types for tall buildings.

A global survey has been launched to gather more detailed insights.

The survey includes questions on definitions, fire response tactics, and operational permissions in high rises.

CTIF plans to publish the completed report by the time of its Sofia event.

African women’s PPE study receives NEBOSH funding

by Breaking NewsHealth and SafetyPPEResearchSafety

NEBOSH funds research into protective equipment for African women

NEBOSH has reported that it is funding a year-long study by the Society of Women in Safety, Health and Environment – Africa (SOWSHE-A) to examine the risks associated with personal protective equipment (PPE) used by African women.

The project will focus on how ill-fitting PPE, designed primarily for men, may increase the risk of injury for women across various work settings in Africa.

The research will include data gathering, demonstrations, simulations and community campaigns to raise awareness about anthropometric differences and their impact on safety.

Research will address risks linked to poorly fitted PPE

NEBOSH explained that PPE is considered the last defence against occupational hazards, and if it does not fit correctly, it can endanger the user.

The organisation stated that issues such as oversized clothing causing entanglement, loose footwear increasing the likelihood of slips, and poorly fitted headwear failing to provide adequate protection, are among the concerns that the project aims to address.

The study is expected to provide insights into the health and safety needs of African women and promote more inclusive PPE design.

Project aims to improve data on PPE for diverse users

NEBOSH Social Development Manager Mariyah Mandhu said: “There is limited international data related to women’s protective equipment, and even less so for women from different ethnic backgrounds.

“Our funding will enable the health and safety and wider business communities to understand the challenges and barriers of current PPE, with a longer-term view of creating inclusive PPE design and production practices.

“Ultimately, this will improve the safety and health of these women in the workplace.”

Mandhu stated that the partnership with SOWSHE-A aligns with NEBOSH’s goals of addressing diversity gaps in health and safety research.

SOWSHE-A highlights safety and gender equity goals

SOWSHE-A Founder Funmi Adegbola said: “We are thrilled to have NEBOSH’s support in advancing this important initiative.

“Their commitment to workplace safety and health aligns perfectly with our goal of ensuring that African women are equipped with the right PPE to protect their well-being.

“This collaboration is not only vital for improving the safety of women workers, but it also strengthens the movement for greater gender equity in the workplace.”

Adegbola added that the initiative will contribute to building awareness around inclusive workplace practices.

African women’s PPE study receives NEBOSH funding: Summary

NEBOSH is funding a year-long research project led by the Society of Women in Safety, Health and Environment – Africa (SOWSHE-A).

The research focuses on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by African women.

NEBOSH stated that ill-fitting PPE can increase the risk of harm in the workplace.

SOWSHE-A will conduct research, public demonstrations, simulations and campaigns during the project.

NEBOSH Social Development Manager Mariyah Mandhu said there is limited international data on women’s PPE.

Mandhu stated that the project aims to support more inclusive PPE design and production.

SOWSHE-A Founder Funmi Adegbola said the initiative aligns with goals for safety and gender equity.

The project is based in Africa and targets black African women in particular.

NIOSH firefighter health researchers temporarily reinstated amid federal layoffs

by Featured NewsPeopleResearch

Firefighter health staff recalled following public pressure

The Trump administration has reinstated some National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) employees who had been laid off, including staff focused on firefighter health and safety, according to Politico.

The employees were called back temporarily until 2 June, but the future of the affected programmes remains uncertain.

The reinstatement affects workers tracking cancer rates among firefighters and supporting 9/11 survivors.

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has not committed to a permanent return, but a spokesperson said: “It could be a possibility that [certain NIOSH employees] will be brought back permanently.”

The International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF) said the decision followed “direct talks” between the union and HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr.

Union and senator raise concerns over programme future

IAFF President Edward A. Kelly said in a statement: “It was explained to me that the Reduction in Force (RIF) ordered by a White House Executive Order was misinterpreted by ‘mid-level bureaucrats,’ and our programs — which Secretary Kennedy assured me were ‘critical’ — would continue.”

Kelly added that Kennedy claimed core firefighter safety teams would remain in place.

Senator Shelley Moore Capito (R-W.Va.) expressed concern that NIOSH roles at the Morgantown, West Virginia office, affected by mass layoffs on 1 April, might not be permanently restored.

Capito told Politico: “They did call some people back, which we’re very pleased about. But in terms of the technicalities of permanent [reduction in force], I think that still does loom out there.”

Capito also raised concerns about the Black Lung programme and said she remained “cautiously optimistic” about an extension beyond June.

Staff called back with unclear status

Two NIOSH employees who spoke to Politico anonymously said human resources contacted them and asked them to return to finish prior assignments.

One worker said the team was told to return despite no official job offer or documentation confirming permanent reinstatement.

Another NIOSH staff member said their coal mine safety office had received instructions to return but still faced the same termination dates.

The employee added that this also applied to some workers on the Fire Fighter Fatality Investigation and Prevention Program.

One worker said: “Everyone is very suspicious that this is just being done to create the appearance that HHS is addressing concerns. But programs will still be effectively eliminated in June.”

Broader cuts affected national safety research

The layoffs are part of a wider HHS restructuring that affected multiple agencies, including the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and NIOSH.

Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. previously said up to 20 percent of those laid off could be rehired.

On 28 April, Kennedy posted on X: “Firefighter health and safety programs remain a top priority … As the agency continues to streamline its operations, critical services of NIOSH will remain intact.”

The American Federation of Government Employees Local 3430 President Cathy Tinney-Zara said the decision did not apply to all affected staff.

In a statement, Tinney-Zara said: “These are undoubtedly vital initiatives, but they are only a portion of the comprehensive, nationwide worker protection mission NIOSH fulfills.”

NIOSH firefighter health researchers temporarily reinstated amid federal layoffs: Summary

The Trump administration has recalled some laid-off NIOSH staff.

The reinstated staff include those working on firefighter cancer tracking and support for 9/11 survivors.

The call-backs are currently scheduled to last until 2 June.

An HHS spokesperson said permanent reinstatement is possible but not confirmed.

The International Association of Fire Fighters said the decision followed talks with Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr.

Senator Shelley Moore Capito said the situation in Morgantown, West Virginia remains uncertain.

Capito raised concerns about the future of the Black Lung programme.

NIOSH staff reported being contacted to return without formal reinstatement letters.

One worker said the move appears aimed at public relations, not programme restoration.

Some workers in coal mine safety and firefighter fatality investigations were also recalled.

Health Secretary Kennedy stated publicly that firefighter safety remains a priority.

The American Federation of Government Employees said the reinstatements are partial and focus on high-profile programmes.

Scientific perspectives on wildfire risk management at the WUI property scale

by Breaking NewsResearchWildland Fire

Portugal research centre leads international release on WUI wildfire risk management

The Forest Fire Research Centre of ADAI, based at the University of Coimbra in Portugal, has coordinated the publication of a new open-access scientific volume on wildfire risk management at the property scale in the wildland-urban interface (WUI).

According to CTIF, the book titled Scientific Perspectives on Wildfire Risk Management at the WUI Property Scale presents contributions from 34 researchers across 10 countries, addressing how built environments can be made more resistant to wildfire damage.

The book is freely available online via the University of Coimbra’s digital press.

Book introduces scientific context for wildfire risk in WUI areas

CTIF reported that the publication aims to provide a knowledge base for more effective wildfire risk reduction strategies at the interface between natural and built environments.

The introduction to the book, written by Jack Cohen, retired US Forest Service research scientist and WUI fire expert, outlines decades of fire loss in the United States and highlights the need for ignition-resistant design.

Cohen wrote: “A trend of increasing community destruction during wildfires is apparent. The United States provides a prime example.

“In 1985, 1400 homes and structures burned during wildfires. This motivated the establishment of the US national Wildland-Urban Interface Initiative.

“Approximately 9000 homes burned during US wildfires from 1985 to 1994. The recent decade from 2012 to 2021 had over 45,000 US homes burn during wildfires.”

Local ignition conditions determine wildfire damage to homes

Cohen stated that the primary cause of property destruction in WUI fires is not direct flame contact from wildfire fronts but ignitions due to embers and heat exposure in the immediate vicinity of homes.

He explained: “Research results indicate practical opportunities for effectively creating ignition resistant homes and thereby preventing community fire disasters without necessarily controlling wildfires.”

He added: “Disaster examinations have determined that intense wildfire flame fronts do not continuously spread within communities having moderate to high structure density.

“A community’s streets, utility corridors, driveways, parking areas and building sites create gaps in the continuous tree and shrub canopies that cease high intensity wildfire spread.”

Preface outlines need for design and mitigation strategies at the property scale

The preface of the book discusses the concept of the Home Ignition Zone (HIZ), defined as the area within 30 metres of a structure, and notes that ignition resistance within this zone is key to reducing community-level wildfire risk.

Cohen wrote: “The typical WU fire patterns indicate a structure’s local conditions principally determine its ignition.

“Unburned area surrounding the destroyed home indicates lofted burning embers as the principal source of ignition directly on the home or from ignited materials immediately adjacent.”

He continued: “Reducing structure ignition potential remains the principal factor for reducing community wildfire risk.

“Thus, WU fire disasters must be defined and approached as a home-structure ignition problem, not as a problem of wildfire control.”

Conclusions call for broader collaboration including citizen involvement

Miguel Almeida, Senior Researcher at ADAI and coordinator of the publication, concluded that more stakeholders need to be involved in WUI wildfire risk management.

Almeida stated: “The increasing frequency and severity of wildfires in the wildland-urban interface across the globe underscore the critical importance of understanding and managing wildfire risk at these areas.

“Recent dramatic fires have highlight the need for continued research and practical application in both operational and policy-making spheres.”

He added: “One of the key challenges highlighted by recent wildfire events is the incapacity and insufficiency of public civil protection services to address all incidents during very large-scale fires.
There is a growing recognition that citizens must play an active role in this challenge.”

The book presents international research on property-scale wildfire mitigation

CTIF reported that each chapter was coordinated by its lead author and presents independent analysis on topics ranging from WUI characterisation and ignition mechanisms to regulations and fire behaviour modelling.

The book includes sections on self-protection systems, defensible space design, and insurance policy development as it relates to wildfire risk.

According to Almeida, the structure of the book allows readers to explore the topic progressively or by interest area.

Almeida stated: “While some redundancy or varying approaches to the same topic may be detected through the book due to the independent nature of the chapters, they follow a logical sequence that allows readers to progress over the book methodically.

“These chapters collectively demonstrate that there are multiple, complementary approaches to managing wildfire risk in the WUI.”

Researchers from ten countries contribute to the open-access volume

CTIF listed the contributors as including scientists and engineers from Portugal, the United States, Chile, Israel, Spain, France, Japan, China, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand.

The authors represent academic institutions, national research organisations, and operational fire services.

The book is available for free download via the University of Coimbra’s academic press.

Contributing authors

Miguel Almeida, Luís Mário Ribeiro, Domingos Xavier Viegas, MohammadReza Modarres, Hafsae Lamsaf and Almerindo Ferreira from ADAI, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Dulce Lopes and Inês de Oliveira Martins from the University of Coimbra – Institute for Legal Research and Faculty of Law, Portugal; Jack Cohen from the US Forest Service (retired), USA; Albert Simeoni from Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA; Pedro Reszka from Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Chile; Avi Bar-Massada from the University of Haifa, Israel; David Caballero from MeteoGrid, Spain; Inês Cardoso Oliveira, Carlos Viegas Damásio, João Moura Pires, Diogo Lopes and Gonçalo Prates from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal; Marielle Jappiot, Eric Maillé and Anne Ganteaume from INRAE and RECOVER, France; Samuel L. Manzello from Tohoku University, Japan and Reax Engineering, USA; Bruno Guillaume and Eric Guillaume from Efectis, France; Kuibin Zhou from Nanjing Tech University, China; Sayaka Suzuki from Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan; Elsa Pastor, Pascale Vacca, Eulalia Planas and Alba Àgueda from CERTEC, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain; Kim Donghyun from Jeonju University and the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis, South Korea; Greg Baker from Fire Research Group Limited, New Zealand; Greg Penney from Fire and Rescue NSW, Australia; and Jacquelyn R. Chase from California State University–Chico, USA.

Scientific perspectives on wildfire risk management at the WUI property scale: Summary

The Forest Fire Research Centre of ADAI published a new open-access book on WUI property-scale wildfire risk management.

CTIF reported that the book features contributions from 34 researchers in 10 countries.

The lead coordinator of the volume is Miguel Almeida of the University of Coimbra.

Jack Cohen of the US Forest Service contributed the preface.

The book explains that ignition resistance in the Home Ignition Zone is essential to community wildfire protection.

Cohen stated that most home losses are caused by embers and local conditions, not fire fronts.

The book covers WUI characterisation, structure vulnerability, and fire modelling.

It also addresses regulation, insurance, and citizen involvement in wildfire prevention.

The conclusions call for more inclusive strategies, beyond traditional firefighting responses.

Researchers from universities, research institutes and fire services contributed to the book.

The book is available to download for free from the University of Coimbra’s press.