Putting PPE into practice: LION EMEA maps 2026 priorities

Anne-Lise Artaud, Marketing Manager for the European, Middle East, Asia and Pacific regions at LION, outlines the company’s 2026 plans across training environments, PPE development, lifecycle support and INTERSCHUTZ

Fire and rescue organisations face increasing pressure to modernise equipment and training while keeping crews protected, compliant and available for response.

Decisions around PPE, training systems and maintenance are now closely linked, particularly as services respond to changing risk profiles and greater scrutiny of firefighter exposure during operations and training.

LION EMEA works across training solutions, EN-certified PPE and lifecycle support through its TotalCare services.

As the company prepares for 2026 and the return of INTERSCHUTZ, it is aligning new product launches with a more connected, operational approach.

IFSJ Editor Iain Hoey spoke with Anne-Lise Artaud, Marketing Manager at LION EMEA, about how the company is preparing for the year ahead.

LION works across training, PPE and service support.

How do these areas connect in practice?

If you only work in one area, you tend to stay within that box.

People often look at turnout gear on its own or training solutions on their own, and those perspectives are not always aligned.

Training is sometimes treated as secondary, even though it has a direct impact on safety, performance and long-term health.

When fire services buy turnout gear, the focus is usually on protection, durability and keeping firefighters safe over time.

With training solutions, the focus is more on preparedness, efficiency and improving decision-making.

These priorities are related but they are not the same, and they are often handled by different people within an organisation.

With our 3-pillar approach (Training Solutions, Protective Equipment (PPE), TotalCare service), LION proposed solutions across all three areas: training, PPE and service support, we can step back and look at the full firefighter journey.

We see how decisions in one area affect another and how equipment, training environments and maintenance interact over time.

That broader view helps us understand what customers want, why they want it and how different choices connect.

A clear example is the link between training environments and PPE.

In some training centres, firefighters may be exposed to high heat more frequently than during real incidents, depending on the types of interventions they attend.

Because we work closely with both training facilities and PPE, we see those patterns more often and understand how they affect equipment performance and firefighter safety over time.

Bringing these areas together helps ensure training, PPE and service support are connected in a practical, operational way.

What are LION EMEA’s main priorities and activities for 2026?

2026 is a very important year for us, particularly with the return of INTERSCHUTZ.

After the disruption of recent years, being back at the event is significant.

It is an opportunity to show where we are as a company, how the portfolio has evolved and what we are focusing on going forward.

Beyond INTERSCHUTZ itself, several priorities are shaping our plans.

One is health and safety for firefighters, trainers and trainees.

The challenge is balancing realistic training with protecting health over the short term and across an entire career.

On the training side, we are focusing on healthier ways to train, reducing unnecessary exposure while maintaining realism.

That means looking closely at wood burning, gas consumption and how training environments are designed and operated.

Another priority is PPE.

We are re-entering the European market with our own EN-certified turnout gear.

This is something we have been working towards for some time, and we are now at the point where the gear is in stock and customers are actively testing it through pilot programmes.

For the LION Group globally, this completes an important part of the overall portfolio.

2026 is about increasing momentum, getting the gear in front of more fire services and continuing development in close collaboration with firefighters and first responders.

TotalCare support activities are last but not least.

In Europe, we decided to deliver through qualified and recognized partners new services like PPE cleaning or training solution rentals.

 When we supply turnout gear, we want to ensure access to proper care, inspection and long-term support.

Across training solutions, PPE and TotalCare, the focus for 2026 is clarity and visibility, showing how these elements form a connected approach that supports health, safety and operational needs.

What training solutions is LION developing for the coming year?

There are a couple of strands to what we are working on.

One sits in the digital space.

We are working seriously on virtual and augmented reality-based training solutions.

Development is still ongoing, so it is too early to share specifics, but the intention is to bring something genuinely new to the market rather than small updates to existing tools.

INTERSCHUTZ would be a natural point to continue that conversation and demonstrate where this work is heading.

Alongside that, there is a strong focus on training around the equipment customers already have.

We see a real need for more structured guidance on how to use training equipment, training centres and PPE as effectively as possible.

This includes practical advice on operating smoke generators, getting the best performance from training facilities and using equipment in ways that support consistent, high-quality training outcomes.

How is LION approaching PPE development?

We have redesigned a dedicated PPE range called ENgage®.

It includes three structural firefighting models, the LION® ENgage® Ultra™ Edition,  the LION® ENgage® Select™ and LION® ENgage® Classic™, plus one wildland model.

Together, they cover a range of operational needs within a single PPE family.

In developing ENgage®, we drew heavily on the experience of our US team, particularly their knowledge of NFPA requirements and PPE design.

That input helped inform decisions around fabrics, construction and performance.

We also applied what we have learned about the expectations of European fire services and worked with high-quality suppliers to ensure all components work effectively together through testing and iteration.

One area where we have taken a different approach is availability.

ENgage® is a stock line, so it is available immediately rather than being fully custom-built from the outset.

This shortens lead times and allows fire services to access certified PPE quickly, whether to fill an unexpected gap or to trial equipment before making longer-term decisions.

Producing a stock range also allows efficiencies that support affordability while maintaining quality and certification standards.

How would you explain the scope of LION’s TotalCare offering?

TotalCare is a broad offering, and one of our priorities this year is to explain it more clearly, because it covers several distinct but connected areas.

It exists to support fire and rescue organisations beyond the initial purchase, ensuring equipment remains effective, compliant and usable over time.

At LION EMEA, TotalCare is structured around several elements.

One focuses on PPE lifecycle management, covering inspection, cleaning, repair and replacement.

In Europe, this is delivered through specialist partners using advanced cleaning and repair processes.

The emphasis is on extending the life of PPE while maintaining performance and compliance.

Another element is maintenance and service support for training solutions, from individual smoke generators through to complete training centres.

Like any technical system, these assets require regular servicing and upkeep to remain reliable.

There is also a training component, which is not about teaching people how to become firefighters.

It focuses on helping firefighters, trainers and instructors use PPE, training systems and facilities effectively.

Fire behaviour and training environments vary, and our role is to support the technical side and help customers optimise how they use the equipment they already have.

A further element relates to acquisition and financing models.

In some cases, buying specialist equipment outright does not make sense.

TotalCare includes options such as rental and leasing, allowing access to equipment when needed without long-term ownership, maintenance and storage costs.

This flexibility reflects how training needs and operational risks continue to change.

Last elements of TotalCare is when fire and rescue services plan the creation of a training centre, LION provides consultancy as part of TotalCare to support informed decision-making.

This includes needs assessment, site and layout studies, selection of appropriate training systems, safety and compliance guidance, and long-term operational planning.

The objective is to help organizations develop training facilities that are effective, safe, and sustainable over time.

What role do major events like INTERSCHUTZ play for LION EMEA?

INTERSCHUTZ is about visibility and reconnection.

After such a long gap, it is an opportunity to clearly restate who we are, what we do and how the different parts of our portfolio connect.

It is also about relationships.

The event allows face-to-face conversations with partners and customers that are difficult to replicate online.

This year, our intention is to be very present, both inside and outside the exhibition space.

INTERSCHUTZ gives us the right platform to bring training solutions, PPE and services together in one place and demonstrate how they connect.

Looking ahead, how do you see LION EMEA’s role as risks and expectations change?

At its core, LION’s role is to support first responders.

We contribute by providing the tools, knowledge and support that help fire and rescue services adapt to new ways of working and respond to changing risks.

Our role is to help facilitate change, whether that means supporting research and innovation or making it easier for fire services to adopt new approaches in practice.

We are not doing that alone, but we do see it as our responsibility to contribute and to support that direction.

Ultimately, everything we do is intended to support firefighters in their daily work, reduce unnecessary complexity and help them feel prepared and confident in increasingly demanding environments.

That purpose has been part of the company since it began more than a century ago, and it continues to define our role going forward.

This was originally published in the February 2026 Edition of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE copy, click here.

ASFP to establish supported branches in Australia and New Zealand

ASFP franchise agreement for New Zealand and Australia

The Association for Specialist Fire Protection (ASFP) has agreed to grant Paul Ryan the rights to operate fully supported franchise branches in New Zealand and Australia.

The agreement follows a year of consultation between the parties.

The new branches will follow the operational model used in Great Britain and Ireland, adapted for the New Zealand and Australia markets by members of the respective branches.

The arrangement is intended to support stakeholders across the design and construction chain, including principal designers, contractors, engineers, product and certification bodies, installation trades, post occupation service providers carrying out remedial and retrospective work and those signing off completed buildings or works.

Training, technical groups and publication plans

The ASFP confirmed that the branches will provide training courses online, with face-to-face provision planned at a later stage.

There will be a progressive transition of information from the ASFP in Britain to the new branches.

Initial membership uptake is expected to be high, enabling the formation of ASFP Technical Groups (TGs).

This is expected to lead to the adaptation of some of the association’s ‘Colour Book’ publications for the local markets.

Paul Ryan said: “Having spent most of my career in the passive fire protection profession in Britain, the Middle East and finally New Zealand, I know how important passive fire protection is to the overall design and construction application.

“If it’s not designed right, it won’t be procured and installed correctly.

“It has taken a lot of commitment, time and effort to reach this agreement, with a few wobbly moments along the way, but we all wanted the right thing to happen in the right way for the greater good.

“It’s going to be exciting times evolving the ASFP in new markets, but I know I have the full backing and support from the team in Britain.

“This is a great moment for passive fire in New Zealand and Australia, with design, construction, and occupant safety the ultimate winners.”

Mike Ward, Managing Director of the ASFP, said: “This is a monumental moment for the global passive fire protection community.

“Many designers, engineers, principal contractors, testing and certification members, and product manufacturers operate outside of Britain and Ireland.

“By creating a global passive fire community, it supports those members as well as new members who may use those products and services, or have their own.

“It closes the circle of the relationship and creates continuity in the language of best practice.

“We hope to set up additional ASFP branches in other parts of the world, and we truly believe this is just the start.

“Beyond this, we are looking at how ASFP can engage and collaborate with our passive fire peers around the world.

“We may have different standards and code, but best practice is a universal language.”

Sharon McClure of Avesta Scotland, Chair of the ASFP, said: “As Chair of the ASFP, you always want to leave a legacy of your Chair-ship behind.

“The team have worked really hard in bringing this together – the ASFP team and my predecessor Clive Miles can be really proud of themselves as I am of them.

“I am certain there are some great times ahead.”

The infrastructure time bomb: IFSJ explains why fire service facilities are falling behind modern risk

Confronting the dual crisis of ageing infrastructure and shrinking capital, by Duncan J. White

Across the municipal fire and rescue sector, there’s an uncomfortable truth we can no longer ignore; much of our infrastructure is reaching the end of its useful life, while the capital needed to replace or modernise it remains elusive.

Fire stations built in the 1950s and 60s are still serving as operational hubs in 2025, often with minimal adaptation to meet the demands of a modern, multi-hazard emergency service.

The consequences are visible every day.

Apparatus bays are too small for contemporary appliances.

Training grounds with limited scope for live fire or technical rescue exercises.

Facilities that fall short of modern health, safety, and inclusivity standards.

Add to that a growing list of deferred maintenance items, roof repairs, electrical upgrades, HVAC replacements, and the picture is one of quiet decline.

The cost of underinvestment

This is not due to complacency within the sector.

Fire services have long stretched limited budgets to keep frontline capability intact, often prioritising people and vehicles over bricks and mortar.

But the compounding effect of decades of underinvestment is now becoming clear.

When a critical building system fails or a facility becomes unfit for purpose, operational resilience and community safety are both at risk.

At the same time, the expectations placed on fire and rescue services have expanded dramatically.

The modern firefighter must be ready for structural fires, wildfires, road traffic collisions, hazardous materials, water rescues, and medical emergencies – all requiring specialised facilities, technology, and training environments.

Infrastructure built for a narrower remit can no longer support these realities.

Yet securing capital remains a persistent challenge.

Municipal budgets are under pressure from all directions, and long-term capital programmes struggle to compete with short-term political priorities.

In many cases, the lack of comprehensive asset management data makes it difficult to build a compelling investment case until failure becomes imminent.

Planning smarter and funding differently

To move forward, the sector needs a dual strategy: smarter planning and innovative funding.

Lifecycle asset management, supported by condition assessments, data analytics, and transparent risk reporting, can help authorities prioritise spending based on operational risk, not just budget cycles.

At the same time, exploring new funding mechanisms, shared emergency hubs, regional capital programmes, or partnerships with the private sector, could provide much-needed momentum.

Ageing infrastructure is not just an engineering concern; it’s a resilience issue.

Every year we defer renewal; the cost and risk grow.

The fire and rescue service has always been defined by preparedness.

Now, that preparedness must extend beyond response, to the very foundations of where and how we operate.

Stay safe!

This was originally published in the February 2026 Edition of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE copy, click here.

Ci Global announces UAE expansion for Ci Safe electrical fire prevention technology

Ci Global establishes local presence in the UAE

Ci Global has established a local presence in the United Arab Emirates in February 2026 to support deployment of its Ci Safe electrical fire prevention technology across the country.

The move follows recent regulatory approvals and allows the company to work directly with regional partners, authorities, developers and building operators to address electrical fire risk at source.

Ci Safe is described as an intelligent fire and building-safety system designed to prevent electrical fires before ignition by monitoring electrical behaviour at points of use such as sockets, plugs and connection points.

Power is automatically removed when abnormal conditions are detected, including unsafe heat build-up or electrical fault patterns.

Safety data is recorded over time to support visibility, pattern recognition and insight across buildings and portfolios.

How Ci Safe is described to operate and integrate

Ci Global outlined that Ci Safe operates as an AI-driven ecosystem combining intelligent devices and sensors with autonomous, on-site decision-making capable of acting at source even offline.

The system is designed to support wider building-safety risks including gas leaks, water leaks and conditions associated with mould.

It operates autonomously while integrating with existing detection, alarm and suppression systems.

A command-and-control layer is included to provide building managers and emergency crews with real-time visibility of safety conditions across buildings, including a live 3D digital twin and drone-assisted visualisation.

Local autonomous protection continues independently without reliance on connectivity or human intervention.

Founder background and recent recognition cited by the company

Ci Global stated that it was founded by British inventor Anthony D. Parfitt, who has experience developing Home Office-approved, safety-critical technology for the UK Government and Network Rail.

His previous work includes the original Automatic Number Plate Recognition system developed for the DVLA and deployed across UK police forces.

Parfitt said: “Establishing a presence in the UAE is an important step for Ci Global. It allows us to support deployment locally and work closely with partners who share a commitment to prevention-first safety.

“Electrical fires have long been treated as inevitable.

“Our focus is on changing that assumption by intervening before a fire can begin.”

The company added that Ci Safe received the Best Passive Fire Safety Product award at Intersec Dubai.

It also confirmed that the UAE presence will support regional collaboration, pilot projects and integration with wider building-safety and emergency-response frameworks.

London Assembly Fire Committee addresses industry criticism over lifestyle references in contaminants report

Lifestyle concerns and the Committee’s response

The London Assembly Fire Committee (LAFC) has responded to criticism that references to lifestyle could distract from occupational exposure in its inquiry into fire contaminants.

The comment was provided to the International Fire and Safety Journal (IFSJ) editorial team in response to a query about concerns raised by parts of the sector.

The Committee said: “The Committee has taken a keen interest in firefighter health and wellbeing this Assembly year, both through this investigation into fire contaminants and in January when we questioned guests on the challenges around mental health and wellbeing.

“The fire contaminants investigation was squarely focused on understanding the occupational risks that firefighters face from exposure to fire contaminants.

“Yet, we did hear evidence that lifestyle factors can influence overall health outcomes.

“These factors were mentioned only where relevant to understanding the full context of firefighter health and wellbeing, not as a substitute for occupational risk.

“Occupational exposure to contaminants remains the Committee’s primary concern and the basis for our recommendations, such as establishing nationwide exposure and health monitoring and strengthening PPE and decontamination practices.

“Effective prevention and exposure reduction require addressing both workplace hazards and supporting overall health, but our scrutiny and recommendations are focused on eliminating avoidable occupational exposures as a priority.

“We will continue to emphasise this core focus in follow-up work and engagement with stakeholders.”

Report findings and recommendations on exposure in London

The LAFC report Exposure to fire contaminants in London: A hidden, growing risk? sets out evidence and recommendations linked to firefighters’ exposure to hazardous substances at incidents in London.

The findings identify asbestos, heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants among contaminants present at incidents.

The Committee notes that definitive UK evidence on cancer causation is still emerging.

Research presented to the Committee shows higher cancer incidence and abnormal tumour markers among firefighters compared with the general population.

Fire Brigade Union commissioned research found that 4% of firefighters surveyed, around 1 in 25, reported a cancer diagnosis in a self-reported sample of more than 11,000 personnel.

Prevalence was highest among those aged 35 to 39, around three times the rate seen in the general population.

Between 10% and 15% of respondents were recorded as having abnormal tumour markers, compared with a control group drawn from the public.

The report concludes that the London Fire Brigade (LFB) Fire Contaminants Policy has shifted attitudes away from the “badge of honour” of dirty kit.

Implementation varies across stations, with limitations in personal protective equipment availability and older station layouts cited as factors.

The Committee urges the Government and the National Fire Chiefs Council (NFCC) to reduce firefighters’ exposure to fire contaminants.

Recommendations include creating a UK-wide exposure and health monitoring programme for firefighters.

The report also proposes a pilot of operational exposure monitoring in London, with a time-limited programme for operational firefighters scoped in 2026/27 and launched in 2027/28, developed with academic and occupational health experts.

Further measures include stronger training, assurance and compliance with fire contaminants policies, improved PPE supply and procurement planning, and greater emphasis on health promotion within occupational health services.

The Committee also asks the Industrial Injuries Advisory Council (IIAC) to review evidence on cancer risks linked to firefighting.

Zack Polanski AM said: “Fires don’t end when the flames are out as toxic contaminants can remain long afterward.

“Firefighters accept risk as part of the job, but exposure to toxic chemicals should not be an unavoidable consequence of protecting the public.

“While London Fire Brigade has made real progress, this report shows more needs to be done to understand and reduce the long-term health risks firefighters face.”

The report references the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) 2023 designation of occupational exposure as a firefighter as carcinogenic, alongside a call for more UK-specific research.

It also records that London firefighters receive routine medicals every three years, including basic cardiorespiratory checks and an asbestos-specific element.

The report notes that comprehensive cancer screening for firefighters is complex, with mesothelioma and bladder cancer cited as examples where safe, reliable population-level screening tests are not currently in routine NHS use.

The report records that the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) considers the existing regulatory framework sufficient to reflect firefighting’s classification as a carcinogenic occupation, citing the Health and Safety at Work Act, the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) regulations and Workplace Regulations.

Union and academic criticism of lifestyle references

The Fire Brigades Union (FBU) has criticised a recommendation in the report that refers to “positive lifestyle changes, including smoking cessation, physical fitness, diet, sleep hygiene, and alcohol awareness”.

Steve Wright said: “Firefighters are dying younger and living with life-altering cancers and chronic illness.

“These are preventable occupational deaths, and this is a national scandal.

“The UK is decades behind other countries on this issue, and this report underlines the urgent need for basic, long-overdue measures: stronger prevention measures, regular health monitoring for all firefighters, and re-evaluation of compensation for firefighters’ occupational diseases.

“However, firefighters will rightly find the references to ‘lifestyle’ offensive.

“Firefighters are not getting sick because of personal choices – they are getting sick because they are being systematically exposed to toxic substances in the course of their work.

“When so many other countries and international bodies are doing the right thing and recognising the risks firefighters face, it is time for our own government to stop ignoring the evidence and act.”

Anna Stec said: “While the report makes positive recommendations on the need for a UK-wide rollout of harmonised contamination exposure tracking and health monitoring for firefighters, the argument that firefighter cancers and diseases could be reduced through lifestyle changes is fallacious.

“Lifestyle factors influence health outcomes in any population, but they do not explain the elevated rates of cancer and disease seen in firefighters.

“Why should firefighters be expected to adopt such changes in order to compensate for the toxic environments they are routinely exposed to at work?”

The Committee’s response to the lifestyle criticism sits alongside its broader call for exposure monitoring, policy compliance and PPE and decontreve practices to reduce long-term health risks for firefighters.

FEU publishes draft programme for Leadership Conference at Interschutz in Hannover

Leadership conference details and timings

The FEU Leadership Conference is scheduled to run on 3 to 4 June 2026 in Hannover, Germany, alongside Interschutz at Deutsche Messe.

The Federation of EU Fire Officers (FEU) has outlined the event as a leadership forum for senior decision-makers in fire and rescue services and civil protection, with more than 300 senior fire chiefs and strategic leaders expected to attend.

The conference is being held in partnership with Deutsche Messe as part of INTERSCHUTZ 2026.

Leadership conference programme and speakers

The Leadership Conference programme is presented as a draft, with several speaker slots marked as pending confirmation.

Day 1 is titled “Global Strategy and Security”, with the theme “Adapting to Disruption – Building Strategic Readiness in a Volatile World”.

Registration is listed from 10:00 to 12:00 on 3 June, followed by lunch from 11:30 to 12:30.

The official opening session, “Europe’s Leadership in Resilience”, is listed from 12:45 to 13:15 with Stephan Wevers, President at FEU, and Dr Jochen Köckler, Chair at Deutsche Messe, with Hannover’s Oberbürgermeister Belit Onay marked as pending.

A keynote from DG ECHO is scheduled from 13:15 to 13:40, titled “From Policy to Protection: Europe’s Civil Response to Complex Crises”, with Maciej Popowski listed as speaker.

A NATO keynote is scheduled from 13:45 to 14:10, titled “Security in a Shifting World”, with the speaker line shown as “NATO Secretary General or Deputy (Pending)”.

A session titled “Rebuilding Under Fire: Ukraine’s Frontline Lessons” is scheduled from 14:15 to 14:40, with the Ukraine State Fire Service marked as pending.

A keynote titled “Estonia: Resilience and civil readiness in an age of permanent disruption” is scheduled from 15:30 to 15:50, with Director General Marko Klaos listed as speaker.

Day 2 is titled “Climate, Innovation & Leadership”, with the theme “Leading Through Disruption – Resilience, Innovation, and Human Leadership”.

Opening remarks are listed from 09:45 to 09:55, titled “Setting the Tone for Action”, with Wevers as speaker.

A keynote titled “Lessons from the LA Fires” is scheduled from 10:15 to 10:35 with LA County Fire Chief Anthony Marrone listed.

A keynote titled “Response to extreme climate events” is scheduled from 10:40 to 11:00 with Australia Fire Services’ Darren Klem listed.

A keynote titled “Wildfires & Cross border cooperation” is scheduled from 11:05 to 11:25 with Dutch Wildfire Management speakers listed as Jelmer Dam and Brian Verhoeven.

A keynote titled “London Fire Brigade: Transforming Through Leadership” is scheduled from 13:15 to 13:40 with Fire Commissioner Jonathan Smith listed.

A keynote titled “Innovation and Preparedness in Asia” is scheduled from 13:45 to 14:10 with Commissioner Eric Yap of the Singapore Civil Defense Force listed.

Registration, sponsor slots and networking events

The programme lists sponsor segments across both days, including short presentations and sponsor-branded breaks.

VIP tours titled “Interschutz Experience” are scheduled from 16:30 to 18:00 on 3 June and described as guided visits for speakers, sponsors and senior delegates.

A VIP dinner is listed from 18:30 to 20:30 on 3 June, described as hosted by FEU and Interschutz, with a speaking opportunity shown for a gold sponsor.

An “Exhibitors’ Night (Münch Hall)” is listed for 18:00 on 4 June as an optional add-on priced at €100 per person.

Wevers wrote: “It is my pleasure to invite you to the FEU Leadership Conference, to be held on 3–4 June 2026 during Interschutz in Hannover, Germany.

“With this first edition, our ambition is to build Europe’s premier strategic platform for the leaders who shape the future of our fire and civil protection services.

“Across the world, we face a convergence of pressures such as hybrid threats, geopolitical instability, digital vulnerability, extreme climate events, and rising expectations from our citizens.

“The need for clear-headed, future-oriented leadership has never been greater.

“The conference theme, Safeguarding Tomorrow, brings this challenge into focus.

“Over two days, we convene senior voices from the European Commission, NATO, national fire and civil protection agencies, and global fire service leaders from the United States, Australia, Singapore and other international partners, we will examine how our services must evolve to remain capable, resilient, and strategically aligned in a disrupted world.”

He added: “It is our shared responsibility to shape the strategic direction of our sector at a time when Europe’s resilience is being tested on multiple fronts.”

Why ITM Matters: AGF Manufacturing explains how NFPA 25 keeps systems reliable

AGF Manufacturing explores NFPA 25 and the role of dependable system components in fire sprinkler systems

Fire sprinkler systems are often described as “silent guardians.” When designed and installed correctly, they wait, sometimes for decades, without drawing attention to themselves.

But this quiet reliability can be deceptive.

A fire sprinkler system that is not regularly inspected, tested and maintained may look perfectly fine right up until the moment it is needed most.

That is why Inspection, Testing and Maintenance (ITM), as required by NFPA 25, is one of the most critical disciplines in the fire protection industry.

This article takes an industry-focused look at ITM: why it exists, what NFPA 25 requires, common challenges faced by contractors and building owners and how thoughtful component selection can make long-term compliance safer, easier and more reliable.

While products alone never replace proper ITM practices, the right system components can support technicians in performing consistent, code-compliant work year after year.

The purpose of NFPA 25

NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems, exists for a simple but essential reason: fire sprinkler systems are mechanical systems, and all mechanical systems degrade over time.

Corrosion, scale, freezing conditions, vibration, accidental damage and unauthorised modifications all pose real threats to sprinkler system performance.

NFPA 25 does not assume that the system will remain functional simply because it passed acceptance testing.

Instead, it recognises that reliability must be verified continuously throughout the life of the system.

The standard establishes minimum requirements for:

  • Inspection: Visual examinations to identify obvious deficiencies or changes in condition
  • Testing: Operational checks that confirm components function as intended
  • Maintenance: Repairs or corrective actions that restore system readiness

Together, these activities form a feedback loop.

Inspections identify potential problems, testing confirms performance and maintenance closes the gap before failures occur.

Why ITM is increasingly critical

Modern buildings place growing demands on fire sprinkler systems.

Mixed-use occupancies, complex hydraulics, energy-efficient construction and tighter building envelopes all influence system behaviour.

At the same time, many facilities are operating with reduced maintenance staff and tighter budgets.

In this environment, ITM is not simply a regulatory obligation, it is a risk management strategy.

Several industry trends are elevating the importance of ITM:

Aging Infrastructure

A significant portion of installed sprinkler systems in North America are well past their original design life.

Older systems may include obsolete components, undocumented modifications, or materials that no longer meet current expectations for durability and serviceability.

Corrosion and water quality issues

Corrosion-related failures continue to be one of the leading causes of sprinkler system impairment.

Poor water quality, trapped air, MIC (microbiologically influenced corrosion) and stagnant branch lines all increase the likelihood of leaks or obstructions.

NFPA 25 places growing emphasis on internal pipe condition assessments and corrective actions.

Increased enforcement and documentation

Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs) are paying closer attention to ITM records.

Deficiencies that were once overlooked are now more likely to result in citations, system impairments, or required corrective work.

Accurate testing and clear documentation matter more than ever.

Key ITM requirements that matter most in the field

While NFPA 25 is comprehensive, several areas consistently demand attention during routine ITM activities.

Valves: Visibility, accessibility and operability

Control valves are among the most critical components in sprinkler systems.

NFPA 25 requires regular inspection to confirm valves are:

  • In the normal operating position
  • Properly supervised or locked
  • Accessible and clearly identified

Testing ensures valves operate smoothly through their full range of motion.

Maintenance addresses leaks, packing issues, or mechanical damage.

Valves that are difficult to operate or poorly labelled increase the risk of accidental shutdowns or delayed response during emergencies.

Drains and low-point management

Auxiliary drains or low-point drains play a key role in removing trapped water or condensation from dry and pre-action systems.

NFPA 25 requires periodic draining.

Inadequate draining can lead to frozen auxiliary drains that break, can cause flooding and false system trips.

From an ITM perspective, drains that are labelled and easy to locate and operate, reduce both labour time and the risk of incomplete maintenance.

Air and pressure management

Trapped air in wet systems contributes to corrosion, water hammer and inconsistent system performance.

NFPA 25 testing activities, such as main drain tests and trip tests, often reveal air-related issues indirectly through slow pressure recovery or abnormal readings.

Components that support effective air management can help stabilise system pressures and improve long-term reliability, even though they are not a substitute for proper system design or testing.

Why component selection matters

NFPA 25 governs what must be done, but it does not dictate how easy or difficult compliance will be.

That is largely determined during system design and installation.

From an ITM standpoint, the best systems share several characteristics:

  • Clear identification of components
  • Safe, ergonomic access to valves and drains
  • Durable materials suited to the system environment
  • Consistency across installations

When systems are designed with ITM in mind, inspections are faster, testing is more accurate and maintenance activities are less disruptive to building operations.

The role of purpose-built fire protection components

Within the fire sprinkler industry, certain components are specifically engineered to support inspection, testing and maintenance activities.

These components are not “extras”.

They exist to address real-world challenges encountered in the field.

Integrated test and drain assemblies

Test and drain valves simplify NFPA 25 testing by combining multiple functions into a single, clearly labelled assembly.

By reducing the number of separate connections and valves, they help minimise potential leak points and streamline annual testing procedures.

From an ITM perspective, fewer connections mean fewer opportunities for failure and fewer variables during inspections.

Additionally, these valves can incorporate the required pressure relief valves.

Newer pressure relief valves have features to isolate them from the system for the required hydrostatic test.

Auxiliary and drum drains

Purpose-built auxiliary drains help technicians remove trapped water from low points efficiently and safely.

Designs that allow automated draining and heated cabinets reduce the likelihood of incomplete draining or potential freezing.

Automatic air vents

Automatic air vents, when properly applied, assist with ongoing air management by releasing trapped air in wet system during system filling and operation.

While not a replacement for proper testing, they can support system stability and reduce long-term corrosion risks.

Inspector’s Test Assemblies

Clearly identifiable and properly sized inspector’s test connections are essential for verifying system performance.

Assemblies designed with accessibility and visibility in mind support consistent, repeatable testing in accordance with NFPA 25.

Manufacturers such as AGF have focused on developing components specifically for these applications, informed by decades of field experience.

When selected appropriately, these products can support, not replace, the disciplined ITM practices required by the standard.

Common ITM challenges and how the industry can address them

Despite clear standards, ITM challenges persist across the industry.

1. Incomplete or inconsistent inspections

Rushed inspections or unfamiliarity with system layouts can result in missed deficiencies.

Clear labelling, standardised assemblies and consistent component placement help reduce reliance on institutional knowledge.

2. Testing that becomes “check-the-box”

Testing performed without understanding system intent can miss underlying problems.

Components that provide clear flow paths, accurate discharge points and repeatable operation support meaningful testing rather than superficial compliance.

3. Deferred maintenance

Maintenance is often postponed due to cost or operational concerns.

Systems designed with serviceability in mind, using components that are designed to extend the life of a system, like air vent, reduce the burden of corrective work and encourage timely repairs.

ITM as a shared responsibility

NFPA 25 places responsibilities on multiple stakeholders:

  • Building owners must ensure ITM is performed and documented
  • Contractors and service providers must execute inspections and tests competently
  • Manufacturers must supply components that perform reliably over decades
  • AHJs must enforce requirements consistently

When any link in this chain fails, system reliability suffers.

Thoughtful collaboration across these roles strengthens overall fire protection outcomes.

Raising the bar for long-term reliability

The fire sprinkler industry continues to evolve, but the core mission remains unchanged: systems must work when lives and property are at risk.

NFPA 25 provides the framework to verify that readiness, but compliance is only as effective as the systems and components being maintained.

By designing and installing systems with ITM in mind, selecting purpose-built components and treating inspection, testing and maintenance as an ongoing discipline rather than a five-year obligation, the industry can improve system reliability across the entire building lifecycle.

In the end, ITM is not about paperwork or procedures.

It is about confidence, the quiet assurance that when the sprinkler is activated and water is demanded, the system will respond exactly as intended.

This was originally published in the February 2026 Edition of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE copy, click here.

Systems under pressure: The hidden costs behind sprinkler system downtime

IFSJ’s analysis looks at how regulation, construction activity and long term performance considerations are influencing fire sprinkler strategies worldwide

Fire sprinkler systems are continuing to gain traction as construction activity expands across multiple building types and regulators apply closer scrutiny to compliance and long-term system performance.

Alongside new installations, attention is shifting toward how systems are maintained, monitored and adapted over their service life.

Market overview

Future Market Insights (FMI) values the global fire sprinkler system market at USD 14.6 billion in 2025 and projects it will reach USD 24.5 billion by 2035, representing a compound annual growth rate of 5.3%.

According to FMI, wet pipe systems account for the largest share at 55% due to their established reliability and compatibility with standard water supplies, while commercial buildings represent 45% of total demand.

Residential construction is also contributing to growth as developers expand formal compliance programmes.

In industrial environments, Verified Market Reports (VMR) places the global industrial fire sprinklers market at USD 4.5 billion in 2024, with a projected value of USD 7.2 billion by 2033.

VMR forecasts a CAGR of 6.5% from 2026 to 2033, linking growth to industrial infrastructure modernisation, higher safety mandates and insurance driven compliance requirements.

Across both datasets, warehouses, logistics centres and large footprint facilities consistently appear as high demand segments.

These environments combine high asset values with operational sensitivity to downtime, increasing the appeal of automated suppression systems that integrate monitoring and diagnostic functions.

Maintenance considerations are therefore becoming a core part of procurement decisions, particularly where system reliability over decades is weighed alongside installation cost.

Strengths shaping demand

FMI describes fire sprinkler systems as offering dependable automated activation across a wide range of occupancies, including offices, manufacturing sites, residential complexes and warehouses.

VMR highlights ongoing development in corrosion resistant materials, improved nozzle design and water efficient activation mechanisms, alongside growing adoption of IoT enabled monitoring and predictive maintenance tools.

Bringing more than 35 years of industry experience, Jim McHugh, President of AGF Manufacturing Inc.

and a board member of several international fire protection bodies, provided context on how these factors are shaping demand.

McHugh said: “The global fire sprinkler market continues to show steady growth, driven by urbanisation, stricter building regulations and increased awareness of life-safety risks.

Commercial and industrial construction remains the largest demand segment, particularly warehouses, logistics centres, healthcare facilities and high-rise developments.

While North America maintains the highest penetration of automatic sprinkler systems, adoption is accelerating in Europe, the Middle East and parts of Asia as codes evolve and insurers exert greater influence on fire protection strategies.”

VMR also notes that digital monitoring platforms are gaining ground in industrial settings, enabling condition-based inspections and earlier identification of faults.

These capabilities are particularly relevant where false activations, undetected corrosion or delayed repairs can disrupt production and inflate operating costs.

Challenges linked to maintenance and integration

FMI outlines a series of technical and operational challenges that affect both installation and long-term upkeep.

These include achieving appropriate spray coverage where ceiling layouts, HVAC systems and electrical services restrict head placement, as well as coordinating supply chains when systems rely on components from multiple manufacturers with differing lead times.

Maintenance related risks remain a recurring theme.

FMI identifies corrosion as a persistent issue, citing oxygen exposure in dry pipe systems and chemical reactions in wet pipe systems using untreated water.

VMR similarly highlights frequent maintenance audits, high lifecycle costs and incompatibility within older facilities, where outdated piping, limited space and low water pressure complicate upgrades.

McHugh said: “Market dynamics vary regionally.

Europe traditionally emphasises passive fire protection, but recent regulatory changes and high-profile fire tragedies have increased interest in active suppression systems, especially in residential and mixed-use buildings.

Emerging markets are investing heavily in modern infrastructure, creating opportunities for standardised, internationally compliant sprinkler solutions.

“Across all regions, system designers are prioritising reliability, ease of installation and system longevity.

High quality products that reduce installation time, limit potential failure points and expedite maintenance and testing are increasingly favoured as the industry balances performance, compliance and cost efficiency.”

These pressures are encouraging wider use of application specific designs, such as dry pipe systems for cold environments, deluge systems in chemical processing and pre action systems in electronics manufacturing, as noted by VMR.

Each option brings different inspection and testing demands, reinforcing the need for skilled personnel and clear maintenance planning.

Outlook

Across all regions, maintenance capability and retrofit readiness are emerging as practical differentiators.

VMR points to predictive maintenance, AI enabled diagnostics and data driven inspections, while FMI highlights ongoing corrosion control and coordination challenges that influence lifecycle costs.

For manufacturers, installers and asset owners, the direction of travel places sustained emphasis on materials, monitoring tools and system designs that support long term reliability with fewer disruptions.

This was originally published in the February 2026 Edition of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE copy, click here.

Infrared distortions: Thermal image data to fix testing inconsistency

Researchers in the FRISSBE department at ZAG explore how thermal image quality is assessed, where current methods fall short and what improvement could look like

Thermal imaging cameras (TICs) are one of the essential tools used by firefighters.

Using sensors that operate in the long-wave infrared (IR) spectrum, these devices convert heat into visible images, enabling first responders to see through smoke, navigate through burning buildings, detect hotspots, and locate people quickly, even in zero-visibility conditions.

But how good is the current technology? And, more importantly, how do we make sure it serves well the purpose of the people using it?

Why image quality matters

The effectiveness of a TIC can mean the difference between life and death.

A good image quality is not just about sharpness or resolution; it is about a firefighter’s ability to distinguish critical details: is that shape a person or debris? Is that glow a smouldering ember or a doorway?

To ensure that TICs, often referred to as thermal imagers, meet the high standards required for emergency and rescue uses, the U.S.

follows the NFPA 1801 Standard on Thermal Imagers for the Fire Service (NFPA, 2021).

Developed by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), this standard lays out requirements for durability and image performance.

A comprehensive report by the Department for Fire-safe Sustainable Built Environment (FRISSBE) at the Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute (ZAG) and Ghent University, in collaboration with NFPA, the Fire Protection Research Foundation (FPRF), and the Electronic Safety Equipment Technical Committee, raised some concerns about the current framework.

The findings indicate that the current testing methods can be inconsistent, the image quality observed in the field often does not match lab results, and the testing process itself is cumbersome and outdated.

After nearly two decades since the standard was introduced, it is time to revisit the framework and utilise the technological advances that the recent decades have brought.

How can we better assess the quality of thermal images and what quality is good enough?

Rethinking image quality in the fire service

In simple terms, image quality is how clearly a person can perceive useful details from visualising an image.

That could be impacted by blurriness, noise, or compression, any of which could obscure vital information in a firefighting scenario, where time matters and fast decisions must be made frequently.

To evaluate image quality, two main approaches are used:

  1. Full-reference image quality assessment: comparing an image to a pristine version of an image;
  2. No-reference image quality assessment: judging an image without any reference image.

In real-world conditions of fireground use, full-reference image quality assessment is not an option, as there is no image to compare with.

As a result, researchers have looked into no-reference methods; training models to predict image quality based on how people have scored similar images in the past.

Multiple approaches exist:

  • Natural Scene Statistics (NSS), which relies on statistical distributions of the images to extract features and create models;
  • Machine Learning models, that rely on complex architectures and data to make predictions;
  • saliency-based models, which predict where people look at on images.

Common to each of these approaches is that most models need a large amount of data of previous scores from research studies on human perception to make reasonable predictions on images that have not been seen before.

Previous research, outlined in the report, has shown the potential for the use of these technologies on TIC images.

Models created for the visible spectrum have shown an extraordinary ability to score images similarly to how a human would score the same image.

While little research has been done on the IR spectrum, some have successfully used the Natural Scene Statistics (NSS) framework and trained it on thermal images.

There is therefore immense potential to utilise these models for thermal images in the fire service.

The challenge? There’s currently no publicly available dataset of thermal images in firefighting scenarios with human-scored quality labels.

The roadblock and the opportunity

Today’s models are trained mostly on images in the visible spectrum, whereas TICs operate in the IR spectrum.

Without a dedicated dataset, it is impossible to develop reliable no-reference image quality models for TICs.

That is unfortunate, as such a dataset could be used to improve testing standards, as well as open the door to future innovations.

Imagine TICs that use AI to highlight people automatically in heavy smoke, or training tools that simulate realistic rescue scenarios based on real-world TIC data.

A comprehensive, high-quality thermal image dataset could spark major advances in safety, certification, and even product development.

The good news is that the hard part, figuring out how to collect this kind of data, has already been solved for images curated and scored in the visible spectrum.

However, obtaining images in the IR spectrum, with firefighting scenarios in mind, does introduce some obstacles and challenges.

Are the same distortions that were previously applied in the visible spectrum still relevant? Are there other distortions, which were not considered for the visible spectrum, significant for images in the IR spectrum? Should the scoring of the images be carried out in a similar manner to the previous studies? These questions persist, but the recently published report tries to address some of these questions to bridge the gap and make the next steps more manageable, so such a dataset can come to fruition.

Areas of focus

The technical report, ‘Measuring Thermal Image Quality for Fire Service Applications’, funded by the NFPA Fire Protection Research Foundation, outlines three core areas of focus.

First, it reviews existing methods and emerging approaches for assessing thermal image quality, explaining that current metrics can be strengthened by incorporating established models that already predict image quality with a high degree of accuracy.

Second, the report highlights the need to curate a dedicated thermal image quality dataset.

This dataset should be developed specifically with the operational and environmental challenges of structural firefighting in mind, where thermal imaging is affected by heat, smoke, and dynamic conditions.

Finally, the report emphasises the importance of rigorous model evaluation and testing.

Identified models should be trained using thermal imagery and systematically assessed to determine which approach is most suitable for real-world firefighting applications.

What’s next?

Creating a reliable dataset might seem like a daunting task, but its potential impact is massive.

It could revolutionise how TICs are tested, certified, and ultimately used in the field, empowering firefighters with better tools and more confidence in their gear.

Have ideas, data, or feedback to share? Want to be part of the conversation? Reach out to Martin Veit, lead researcher of the project, at martin.veit@zag.si.

The authors of this article are: Martin Veit, Researcher in the FRISSBE department at ZAG, Slovenia, Andrea Lucherini, Senior Researcher in the FRISSBE department at ZAG, Slovenia, Grunde Jomaas, Era Chair Holder in the FRISSBE department at ZAG, Slovenia, and Bart Merci, Professor at Ghent University.

This was originally published in the February 2026 Edition of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE copy, click here.

BSI report sets out UK fire safety standards work for 2024–2027

Fire safety standards programme report details revisions, plans and committee role

The British Standards Institution has published its first annual overview of how the UK’s fire safety standards programme is being run, what changed in 2024–2025 and what is coming next in 2026–2027.

The document was launched at BSI’s Annual Fire Safety Conference on 29 January 2026. It comes from the Fire and Built Environment Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, known as FSH/0, which sits at the top of BSI’s fire safety standards structure for the built environment.

Rather than being a technical standard itself, the report functions as a map of the standards system. It explains who is involved, how priorities are set, which standards have recently been updated and which major projects are in the pipeline.

BSI frames this annual publication as part of a push for greater transparency, making standards work easier to understand and follow beyond the relatively small circle of people directly involved in committees.

Who FSH/0 is and why it matters

FSH/0 operates at the highest tier of the national standards framework for fire safety. Its remit covers the full life of a building, from design and construction through occupation, management, maintenance and eventual end of life.

In practical terms, this means it looks across everything that touches fire safety in buildings, including fire precautions, fire protection systems and the infrastructure that supports safe evacuation and firefighting.

The committee performs four main roles.

First, it sets strategic priorities for developing new standards and revising existing ones, deciding where effort should be focused.

Second, it carries out horizon scanning, looking ahead at emerging risks that could shape future standards. The report gives examples such as lithium-ion battery fires, new energy systems, increased automation, digital building systems, new construction materials and modern methods of construction.

Third, it coordinates specialist technical committees to reduce duplication and keep different strands of standards work aligned.

Fourth, it provides a national forum where regulators, fire and rescue services, manufacturers, installers, consultants, building owners, academics and professional bodies can contribute to standards development.

In effect, FSH/0 sits between government policy, industry practice and the detailed technical work of standards committees.

Leadership, structure and how the system is organised

FSH/0 is chaired by Aman Sharma MBE. Under his leadership, the report highlights a focus on strengthening the overall standards infrastructure and widening participation, including bringing in early-career professionals and people with expertise in digital and emerging technologies.

The committee oversees around two dozen specialist technical committees. The report names several key examples, including committees covering fire detection and alarms, fire precautions in buildings, hazards to life from fire and fixed firefighting systems.

It also maintains formal links with committees working on related areas such as construction design, digital modelling, accessibility, lifts, furniture flammability, personal protective equipment and explosion safety. FSH/0 works closely with CB/0, BSI’s broader built environment committee.

Day-to-day coordination is supported by a dedicated BSI Standards Committee Manager, and FSH/0 typically meets several times a year to review progress, approve new projects and respond to emerging issues.

Who was around the table in 2024–2025

The report sets out who was represented on FSH/0 during 2024–2025, giving a sense of how broad the committee’s membership is.

Members included the Association for Specialist Fire Protection (ASFP), Euralarm, the Fire Industry Association (FIA), the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), the Institution of Fire Engineers (IFE), the National Fire Chiefs Council (NFCC), Northern Ireland Building Regulations, the Office for Product Safety and Standards (OPSS), the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service and the Scottish Government.

BSI notes that this mix covers fire engineering, manufacturing, installation, maintenance, building design, risk assessment, construction, enforcement and regulatory policy, rather than being dominated by any single perspective.

How the work connects to Grenfell Tower Inquiry Phase 2

A significant strand of recent standards activity is explicitly framed as aligning with recommendations from Phase 2 of the Grenfell Tower Inquiry.

One of the clearest examples is BS 8674:2025, which sets out a framework for the competence of individual fire risk assessors. The report links this to recommendations around clearer competence standards and potential future mandatory accreditation.

The report also highlights work on an amendment to BS 750, the standard for underground fire hydrants. This is described as a direct response to Inquiry Recommendation 40, and aims to clarify when and how flow coefficients should be measured.

More broadly, BSI describes ongoing engagement with government and industry to keep standards aligned with evolving policy in the post-Grenfell landscape.

Relationship with the Building Safety Act and Fire Safety Act

BSI states that its standards work in 2024–2025 has been closely aligned with both the Building Safety Act 2022 and the Fire Safety Act 2021.

The report groups several key documents within this framework: BS 8674:2025 on fire risk assessor competence, BS 9792:2025 on fire risk assessment for housing, PAS 79-1 on non-housing fire risk assessment and PAS 9980 on fire risk appraisal of external walls.

These are presented as tools that support accountable persons, responsible persons and dutyholders in meeting their legal responsibilities.

How BSI has supported understanding and implementation

Beyond writing standards, the report describes a range of activity aimed at helping the sector understand and use them.

BSI Knowledge has published explanatory articles on standards such as BS 9991, BS 8674, BS 5839-1 and BS 5266-1.

The organisation has also run sector briefings and events on topics including construction product regulation, competence and legislative change.

There has been collaboration with bodies such as the Institution of Fire Engineers and the Fire Sector Confederation, particularly around BS 8674.

On PAS 9980, BSI continues to support its use within government remediation frameworks and Building Safety Fund guidance. A structured revision programme began in 2024, with main consultation taking place in 2025.

BSI also runs an Education Hub aimed at educators, researchers and practitioners who want to engage more closely with standardisation.

What actually changed in 2024–2025

Several major standards were revised or published during this period.

BS 9991:2024, the main residential fire safety standard, underwent a substantial update. Its scope was expanded to cover residential care homes. Provisions on sprinklers were updated, including for single-stair buildings and height thresholds. The standard adopted European fire-resistance classifications for doors and strengthened guidance on smoke control and evacuation lifts in taller buildings.

BS 9792:2025 set out a clearer framework for fire risk assessment in housing, including a nine-step methodology and guidance for assisted living and supported housing. It is designed to sit alongside PAS 79-1 and PAS 9980 as part of a national approach to risk assessment across different building types.

BS 8674:2025 introduced three competence levels for fire risk assessors: Foundation, Intermediate and Advanced. It covers not only technical knowledge but also skills, behaviours, ethics, supervision and continuing professional development, and is linked to future plans for mandatory accreditation under the Building Safety Act.

BS 5839-1:2025, covering fire detection and alarm systems in non-domestic buildings, added a new section on system modifications, tightened controls on acceptable variations, updated guidance on manual call points and clarified expectations for automatic detection in sleeping-risk areas.

BS 5266-1:2025, the emergency lighting standard, expanded its scope to cover emergency escape lighting, standby lighting and local-area emergency lighting, placed greater emphasis on lighting uniformity and aligned more closely with European standards EN 1838 and EN 50172.

PAS 9980 was under revision during this period, with consultation completed in 2025 and publication expected in Q2 2026. Together with PAS 79-1 and BS 9792, it forms a cross-building-type framework for fire risk assessment and appraisal.

What is coming in 2026–2027

The report sets out a substantial forward programme of work.

BS 9994 is planned as a new specification for creating, documenting and managing fire strategies throughout a building’s lifecycle. It is intended to standardise structure, terminology and review processes, replacing and expanding on PAS 911. Public consultation is expected in Q1–Q2 2026, with publication likely in late 2026 or early 2027.

BS 9996 will cover the commissioning and maintenance of integrated fire safety systems, including alarms, suppression, smoke control, evacuation lifts and cause-and-effect logic. The aim is to ensure that changes to systems do not undermine the original fire strategy. A Draft for Public Comment is expected in Q2–Q3 2026, with publication in 2027.

The revised PAS 9980 is due for publication in Q2 2026, with clearer decision pathways, terminology and alignment with the wider BS 999X family of standards.

PAS 9970-1 and PAS 9970-2 will address fire safety during construction. The first covers organisational and site fire safety, while the second deals with temporary fire detection and alarm systems on construction sites. Consultation is expected in Q1 2026 and publication in Q4 2026.

A revision of BS 9990, covering non-automatic firefighting systems such as wet and dry risers and firefighting mains, is expected to go to consultation in Q3–Q4 2026, with publication in 2027.

An amendment to BS 750 on underground fire hydrants is planned for consultation in 2026, again responding to Grenfell Inquiry Recommendation 40.

Finally, BS 9999, the main non-domestic fire safety standard, is scheduled for a major update with consultation in Q2–Q3 2027 and publication in 2028. The revision is intended to align with post-Grenfell reforms and with BS 9991, BS 9994 and BS 9996, covering issues such as fire strategies, evacuation planning, dutyholder responsibilities and digital records.

How people can get involved

The report emphasises that standards development depends on broad participation rather than being driven solely by BSI.

Individuals and organisations can apply or be nominated to join technical committees, serve on drafting panels for specific standards and respond to Drafts for Public Comment via the Standards Development Portal.

Contributions can also be made through professional bodies such as the Institution of Fire Engineers, the Fire Industry Association, the Association for Specialist Fire Protection and BAFSA.

BSI also invites evidence or case studies to support FSH/0’s horizon-scanning work, alongside engagement through consultations, calls for evidence, conferences and roundtables.

What the report presents FSH/0 as doing

Overall, the report positions FSH/0 as the central coordinating body for UK fire safety standards, increasingly transparent through the publication of this annual overview, closely aligned with post-Grenfell reforms and actively managing a wide programme of revisions, new standards and PAS projects across 2026–2027.

It presents this work as part of maintaining a coherent, nationally consistent fire safety standards framework for the built environment.