City of Derry Airport enhances firefighter safety with PPE innovations

Modernising safety equipment for enhanced protection

Dräger has partnered with the City of Derry Airport to overhaul its personal protection equipment (PPE) and safety protocols.

This initiative aims to better protect the airport’s Fire and Rescue Service (FRS) team from incident-related hazards and the heightened risk of cancer from exposure to carcinogens.

The City of Derry Airport, serving as northwest Ireland’s primary airport, facilitated over 200,000 passenger flights to the UK and southern Europe before the pandemic.

The airport’s fire service is tasked with aircraft protection and emergency responses within the terminal and for on-site collisions.

Addressing the carcinogenic risk to firefighters

Recent findings indicate that modern materials found in buildings and aircraft release carcinogens when burned, significantly increasing cancer risk among firefighters.

In response, the City of Derry Airport and other UK fire services are updating their equipment and procedures.

Among the chosen upgrades is Dräger’s HPS Safeguard helmet, selected for its ease of use and the ability to accommodate various head shapes and sizes, including for users observing cultural or religious practices.

The helmet’s design allows for the attachment of essential devices, facilitating hands-free operation.

Introducing advanced breathing protection

The introduction of Dräger’s PSS AirBoss self-contained breathing apparatus is forthcoming, designed to prevent inhalation of carcinogenic particles.

Highlighting its lightweight and ergonomic design, this equipment is expected to reduce physical strain significantly.

Both the HPS Safeguard helmet and the PSS AirBoss are designed for ease of maintenance, featuring materials that are low-absorbent, liquid-repellent, and suitable for manual or machine washing, in line with current regulations.

Commitment to ongoing equipment care

The airport’s fire service equipment will be supported by Dräger’s TotalCare Agreement, ensuring maintenance, inspection, and preventive care.

Gerard McCloskey, Safety and Fire Officer at Derry Airport, highlighted the advantages of this service, especially the provision of routinely changeable parts to ensure equipment reliability.

Elizabeth Millward, Marketing Manager at Dräger Safety UK, emphasised the significance of their technology in protecting firefighters against the unique risks presented by airport environments.

Smarter Solutions with MSA Safety

Ben Mauti, Director of MSA Safety‘s US & Canada Fire Segment, discusses the evolution of firefighter equipment and the crucial role of data and connectivity in modern firefighting

In the dynamic world of firefighting and safety equipment, staying ahead of technological advancements and evolving needs is crucial.

MSA Safety, a global leader in this arena, has been at the forefront of introducing innovative solutions designed to enhance the efficiency and safety of firefighters.

At the helm of MSA Safety’s efforts in the US & Canada is Ben Mauti, who leads their segment marketing team.

Under Mauti’s guidance, MSA Safety has made significant strides in supporting firefighters.

The company’s journey has been marked by a commitment to new technologies and solutions that cater to the unique challenges faced by fire service professionals.

IFSJ Editor Iain Hoey sat down with Ben Mauti, Director of MSA Safety’s US & Canada Fire Segment, to delve into the intricacies of MSA Safety’s latest offerings, the impact of connected technologies in the fire service, and a glimpse into the future of firefighting equipment under Mauti’s guidance.

What are the core components of the Connected Firefighter Platform and how has it evolved?

The essence of the Connected Firefighter Platform is leveraging technology for the firefighter’s benefit, with a focus on safety rather than technology for its own sake.

It begins with prioritising the firefighter’s safety and ability to concentrate on their job.

At the heart of this platform is the firefighter.

The next element is our products, notably the G1 SCBA for NFPA markets and the M1 SCBA in EN markets, coupled with our Connected solutions like the LUNAR search and rescue device and telemetry systems.

These innovations transmit data to the cloud and integrate with our FireGrid software, enabling remote monitoring.

Additionally, the platform facilitates automated data reporting, aiding fire departments in compliance and preparedness.

The final component is process efficiency, which encompasses both the people and the products.

It’s about simplifying tasks, akin to how connected devices in our daily lives indicate when a vehicle needs maintenance or when your phone requires a software update.

We’ve incorporated similar functionalities, like over-the-air updates with LUNAR, to simplify and enhance the firefighters’ experience.

How do the simplified reporting and tracking equipment maintenance features enhance the daily operations of a fire department?

Our products are designed for simplicity and efficacy, with features like rechargeable batteries to ease usage.

For a firefighter, these products are straightforward and user-friendly.

In terms of data, as soon as you activate your SCBA, the data flow begins automatically.

Many fire departments have systems set up to capture this data effortlessly; simply turning on a computer can provide access to this information.

The LUNAR device, for instance, connects directly to the cloud upon activation.

When it comes to remote or live monitoring, features like alarm status, air status, and our Map View with LUNAR, which offers GPS location tracking when outside of buildings, prove invaluable, especially in high-pressure situations.

On the administrative side, the benefits are equally significant.

For decision-makers and fleet managers, our system simplifies tasks like compliance checks, flow tests, hydro tests, and inspection schedules.

Instead of sifting through paperwork, they can access all necessary information via their FireGrid account.

This makes their job easier and ensures that first responders are always prepared and ready to respond.

What challenges is the introduction of FireGrid for inventory management aimed at solving?

FireGrid addresses several challenges, particularly in automated compliance and reporting.

An innovative aspect is monitoring the usage of specific products.

For instance, by tracking total time connected, we can identify discrepancies in equipment usage – like one SCBA being used for 100 hours and another for just 10 hours.

This insight allows for strategic swapping of equipment to ensure more even usage across busy and slower stations, enhancing equipment longevity.

Our customers are particularly appreciative of the simplicity FireGrid brings to their safety programmes.

It confirms equipment compliance and tracks its location, simplifying management and adding value to their partnership with MSA, ultimately making the execution of safety programmes more efficient and effective.

Can you talk about how the MSA G1 SCBA’s real-time reporting benefits incident commanders and fire chiefs on the scene?

The G1 SCBA is integral to our platform, offering multiple approaches for data management.

Firstly, even without real-time telemetry, the G1 SCBA collects valuable data such as usage time, air consumption, and operational patterns, which can be analysed post-event to enhance safety and decision-making.

The second approach involves telemetry, allowing for local data collection from SCBAs.

This makes key information like alarm and air status immediately accessible to incident commanders, using simple color-coded indicators or almost instant alarm notifications.

This level of technology, though common in the industry, significantly aids on-scene management.

The third level incorporates LUNAR, which can be Bluetooth-paired with any G1 SCBA.

LUNAR connects to cellular networks, including AT&T’s FirstNet in the US, enabling real-time data access from anywhere, be it a dispatch center or remotely without a local hub.

This adds GPS location tracking to the mix, offering an additional layer of situational awareness, despite the known limitations of GPS.

Our focus with LUNAR has been on automation and ease of use, ensuring that engaging with the system requires minimal extra steps.

What is MSA’s approach to collecting and utilising data?

Data analytics is vital.

We adhere to GDPR data standards and use Amazon Web Services for secure data handling, which is crucial for fire departments to know.

Initially, the data we collect might seem limited, but as it grows, we can analyse historical trends, compliance, and readiness of the fleet.

We track various details like serial numbers, equipment locations, assignment to fire stations or personnel, and even specific riding positions, if the fire department opts for that level of detail.

This extends to turnout gear too, though it isn’t directly connected; we monitor aspects like serial numbers, sizes, and asset locations.

Looking ahead, our aim is to enhance automated status reporting and readiness assessments to predict and plan better.

This includes managing the availability of SCBAs and tracking compliance for turnout gear, especially in departments with multiple sets.

Emphasising ease of use is key for us.

We understand that there’s a perception that technology is complex, but as a 110-year-old company, we prioritise simplicity.

Our goal is to enable firefighters, quartermasters, safety officers, chiefs, and budget managers to use our products effortlessly, without needing to be tech experts.

Can you talk about the new Cairns 1836 Traditional-Style Fire Helmet?

We’re incredibly excited about the Cairns 1836. This helmet, named after Cairns Helmets’ founding year, embodies our extensive engineering knowledge and tradition.

It’s more than just gear; it’s a cherished item for firefighters, often displayed upon retirement or promotion.

Firstly, there’s a growing preference for helmets that are low-profile and comfortable.

Our goal was to create a helmet that excels in these areas.

Cleanliness was another critical aspect.

MSA has led the way in producing cleanable safety equipment.

We were the pioneers in introducing removable SCBA shoulder straps and soft goods, a feature now becoming a standard requirement.

Our new helmet follows this trend, designed for easy disassembly, cleaning, and replacement of soft goods.

This ease of maintenance is crucial – it’s one thing to offer cleanable components, but they must be practically manageable for firefighters.

Recognising that our previous helmets did not fit all users, the Cairns 1836 accommodates a wider range of head sizes, covering 95% of male and female firefighters.

This inclusivity was a direct response to customer feedback and a significant step towards meeting the diverse needs of today’s fire service.

Why are helmet cleanliness important and how do they contribute to firefighter safety?

Firefighters should be able to concentrate on their core duties, not be preoccupied with their safety equipment.

The ideal scenario is for the safety gear to function seamlessly in the background, reducing the need for excessive interaction or thought.

We aim for simple, effective user interfaces in our products to support this.

When we consider features like comfort, a lower profile, and ease of cleaning, it’s all about enabling firefighters to excel in their roles.

If their gear is comfortable and reliable, it allows them to devote full attention to the task at hand without distractions about their equipment.

Our objective is to empower firefighters to be the best they can be, focusing solely on their crucial work.

This might sound a bit cliché, but it’s at the heart of what we do – ensuring that our firefighters are safe and can concentrate on their responsibilities without being hindered by their equipment.

How does MSA integrate feedback from customers into the design and enhancement of its products?

We understand that no matter how innovative a product is, if it’s not used, it doesn’t fulfill our mission of enhancing safety.

Our approach involves several key steps:

Firstly, we actively engage with the firefighting community.

This includes conducting ride-alongs with fire departments and participating in training activities.

This hands-on experience is vital for our design, engineering, and marketing teams to understand the firefighters’ roles and challenges.

Secondly, we have direct dialogues with firefighters to identify their pain points and needs.

This involves examining our products and those of competitors to deeply understand these requirements.

Additionally, we involve firefighters in the prototyping process.

We form councils and committees to ensure their input is incorporated.

Our development process includes alpha evaluations with early prototypes, like rough 3D printed models, to gauge if we’re on the right track.

This is followed by beta evaluations with products that have undergone some regulatory approvals, ensuring they’re safe for real-world scenarios.

This phase helps us confirm if we’ve met the mark or if further modifications are needed.

If at any point we find that we’re not meeting the necessary standards or fulfilling firefighter needs, we’re prepared to pause and iterate the product.

It’s a thorough and responsive process, underscoring the importance of collaboration in our product development.

How does MSA Safety plan to continue innovating and responding to the evolving needs of the fire service?

As part of our global strategy team, I’m involved in shaping our future direction, especially in key markets like the US and Canada.

Our focus is on integrating safety technology across our entire portfolio to enhance safety, efficiency, and readiness.

In terms of product innovation, we’re constantly updating our hard goods, including our turnout gear line, in response to customer feedback.

For instance, our SCBA range, like the G1, has seen significant advancements with integrated technology, and the M1 offers various technology-integrated options.

The development of helmets, like the Cairns 1836, also reflects this commitment to innovation.

Data and connectivity are also areas where we’re particularly excited.

Having embarked on the ‘Connected Firefighter’ journey, we have robust ideas for expanding in this realm.

Expect to see a continued blend of advancements in physical products that firefighters use daily, combined with safety technology and digitisation.

This approach is about simplifying processes, providing deeper insights, and fundamentally, ensuring that we fulfil our mission of enhancing safety.

This article was originally published in the April 2024 issue of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE digital copy, click here.

PBI Performance Products appoints new international technical sales manager to boost global presence

PBI announces new appointment

PBI Performance Products has officially announced the appointment of Abby Hannah as International Technical Sales Manager, starting April 3, 2024.

This strategic move is in response to the growing demand for PBI’s products and aims to strengthen the company’s global market presence.

Abby Hannah will be at the forefront of technical sales initiatives and will represent PBI in standard committees.

Her role underscores the company’s dedication to excellence and innovation.

Hannah brings extensive experience in technical sales and account management within the fire service industry.

Expansion to meet demand

Abby will report directly to Ian Callaghan, Vice President of International Sales and Marketing, and will be based at PBI’s UK office in Derby.

Her responsibilities include focusing on emerging international markets and supporting the UK Fire Service.

Ian Callaghan expressed his enthusiasm about Hannah’s appointment, saying: “We are thrilled to welcome Abby to the PBI family during a period of remarkable global growth and evolving challenges.

“Her expertise will be instrumental in fortifying our international team and ensuring that we continuously exceed our customers’ expectations as we continue to thrive.”

PBI’s commitment to excellence

PBI is known globally for its inherently flame-resistant and thermally stable fibres for outer shell fabrics.

The company’s products are renowned for providing the highest levels of comfort, durability, and protection and are the trusted choice of firefighters worldwide.

IFSJ Comment

The appointment of Abby Hannah as International Technical Sales Manager at PBI Performance Products marks a significant milestone in the company’s strategic plans for expansion and its commitment to addressing the growing global demand for its products.

With Hannah’s extensive experience and expertise, PBI is set to enhance its technical sales initiatives and strengthen its position in critical markets around the world.

As the company embarks on this new chapter, it remains committed to exceeding customer expectations and continuing its legacy of delivering outstanding products and services.

Firefighting fabric’s new frontier with TenCate

Christopher Hollert, Sales Director for Emergency Response in Central Europe at TenCate Protective Fabrics, highlights how PBI Peak5 is setting a new standard in firefighting gear

In the realm of protective fabrics, innovation is a constant pursuit.

Christopher Hollert, Sales Director for Emergency Response in Central Europe at TenCate Protective Fabrics, sheds light on their latest offering: PBI Peak5 – an advanced material that promises to redefine the standards of protective gear for the fire service industry.

At the core of TenCate Protective Fabrics’ product development strategy lies an understanding of the end user’s needs.

“All our products start with an end user and the challenges they face,” Hollert emphasises.

This user-centric approach is evident in the conception of PBI Peak5.

The team at TenCate Protective Fabrics identified two primary challenges in existing protective gear: durability and comfort.

Their solution? A fabric that excels in both.

Hollert describes PBI Peak5 as: “A lightweight, extremely durable outer shell made using a high blend percentage of PBI fibres.” PBI, or Polybenzimidazole, is renowned for its exceptional thermal and chemical stability, making it an ideal choice for protective clothing, especially in firefighting.

Enforce

One of the key aspects that sets PBI Peak5 apart in the protective fabrics industry is its incorporation of Enforce technology.

“Revolutionary, patented technology that delivers leading levels of fabric durability,” is how Hollert describes Enforce.

“This succinctly captures the essence of what makes Enforce a ground-breaking development in the realm of protective fabrics.

“Really what it does is it takes a normal yarn and it doubles the strength of that yarn,” explains Hollert.

This enhancement in yarn strength represents a significant leap forward in fabric durability.

The implications of such a technological advancement are far-reaching.

The balance between lightness and strength is a critical factor in protective gear, particularly for firefighters who require mobility along with protection.

Setting standards

As TenCate Protective Fabrics continues to innovate in the field of protective materials, the introduction of PBI Peak5 marks a significant milestone in their product lineup.

Hollert notes: “This is our first global fire service outer shell fabric.”

This highlights PBI Peak5’s unique positioning as a product designed not just for regional but for global application.

Such a global focus brings with it the necessity for versatile compliance.

“Wherever this product is available – whether in US, EU, APAC, or elsewhere, PBI Peak5 is certified to those local standards – EN, NFPA, ANZI, and so on,” Hollert elaborates.

This approach, he notes, is a new direction for protective fabric maker.

When it comes to the placement of PBI Peak5 within TenCate Protective Fabrics’ range of products, Hollert is clear about its premium status.

“In terms of where this fits within our product lines, Peak5 is a top-of-the-line product,” he asserts.

“This outer shell really does have everything we have to offer, and its position within the product line reflects that distinction.”

Extreme protection

Hollert highlights a fundamental issue faced by firefighters: “On any call – beyond just fire calls – firefighters are always battling heat.

The summers are hot.” He points out the crucial need for gear that combats the discomfort and stress brought on by high temperatures and humid conditions.

In response to this, Hollert says PBI Peak5 is designed to be: “A lightweight solution – which obviously helps alleviate some of those symptoms of working in hot weather.”

Often, lighter materials compromise on durability, but this is not the case with PBI Peak5.

Hollert emphasises this unique blend of features: “The point of difference of PBI Peak5 is, you get that lightweight advantage without giving up that durability that you would expect from a heavier outer shell fabric.”

This balance is crucial for firefighters who require gear that is both easy to maneuver in and resilient.

Hollert credits the secret behind this combination of lightness and strength as being the Enforce technology: “That point of difference, that comfort with durability, all comes from Enforce technology. That’s what makes PBI Peak5 so special.”

Aesthetic appeal

As PBI Peak5 begins to make its mark in the fire and safety sector, the feedback received so far has been a crucial indicator of its impact.

Hollert shares insights into the initial reactions from users and observers, focusing on two primary aspects: the weight of the fabric and its aesthetic appeal.

A standout feature of PBI Peak5, as Hollert notes, is its weight.

“The first thing that everyone notices is just how lightweight this outer shell is,” he says.

“When someone takes another outer shell on a hanger in one hand, and PBI Peak5 on a hanger on the other, people are really surprised at just how significantly lighter the Peak5 garment feels.”

This palpable difference in weight is a testament to the effectiveness of the Enforce technology in creating a fabric that enhances comfort without sacrificing protection.

In addition to its functional benefits, PBI Peak5 has also been praised for its aesthetic qualities.

“The other thing we’ve been hearing about is its appearance. The fabric offers a clean, technical look that really sends a professional message.”

PBI Peak5’s design appeals both to the garment makers who value the ease of working with the material as well as to firefighters who take pride in their professional appearance.

The feedback on PBI Peak5 underscores the successful fusion of practicality and style in protective gear.

As Hollert points out, it’s not just about creating a fabric that meets the technical requirements of safety and durability.

It’s also about delivering a product that resonates on an aesthetic level, reinforcing the professionalism and pride of those in the fire service industry.

With its lightweight nature and distinctive appearance, PBI Peak5 is set to redefine expectations in the realm of protective fabrics.

A global standard in firefighting gear

As TenCate Protective Fabrics continues to innovate and lead in the protective fabric industry, Hollert offers his perspective on where he envisions PBI Peak5 in the next five years, reflecting on the evolving needs of fire departments and the global scope of this product.

The demand for advanced personal protective equipment in the firefighting world is constantly growing.

“More and more, we see fire departments looking for the next big advancement in PPE,” says Hollert. “There’s always a pushing of the envelope for more, better protection.”

This continual quest for improvement sets the stage for products like PBI Peak5, which represent significant technological advancements.

A key factor in this evolution is the increasing awareness and willingness of decision-makers to invest in high-quality gear.

“Brigades and departments are doing more and more to protect and enable their firefighters,” says Hollert.

He notes that there is a growing recognition of the dangers firefighters face and a corresponding willingness to invest “both financially and otherwise, to help mitigate those dangers by selecting the right gear.”

This trend, while prevalent in markets like the US and EU for years, is now expanding globally.

“It’s spreading, thankfully, to other markets all across the world,” Hollert adds.

This global expansion is where PBI Peak5’s worldwide certifications and availability become critical.

“That’s where the global aspect of this product launch is really a unique element for us.

“Whatever market you may be located in – there’s a good chance PBI Peak5 will be available and certified for your department,” he explains.

This global reach ensures that PBI Peak5’s benefits are accessible to firefighters worldwide.

Looking ahead, Hollert is optimistic for PBI Peak5’s future: “In 5 years, we expect to see PBI Peak5 on the backs of firefighters all across the world. And we’re super excited about that.”

This vision reflects a belief in PBI Peak5’s potential to become a global standard in firefighting gear, offering unmatched protection and comfort to those who brave the flames.

As PBI Peak5 continues to penetrate markets worldwide, it stands poised to redefine the landscape of protective gear in the fire and safety sector.

This article was originally published in the April 2024 issue of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE digital copy, click here.

MSA Safety to debut Cairns® 1836 Fire Helmet at FDIC International

The Cairns 1836 is the first new-to-market traditional-style fire helmet from MSA Cairns in 20 years.

Since the first firefighter helmets were introduced across the USA and Europe in the 1820s, fire helmets have evolved significantly. This has been in response to the introduction of new materials and technology, and to suit the changing nature of incidents and operations. Today, MSA Safety is the world leader in fire helmets, featuring two of the industry’s most iconic brands: Cairns and Gallet.

MSA is continuing the tradition of innovation and responding to the needs of the fire service with the launch of its latest fire helmet: the MSA Cairns® 1836 Fire Helmet. The helmet will be making its industry debut at the 2024 FDIC International in Indianapolis, Indiana, this April.

Today’s firefighters appreciate and expect the latest in technology, equipment, and operational oversight, but also thirst for the history and traditions of the fire service. The Cairns 1836 traditional-style fire helmet brings modernization and upgrades to the helmet market for this next generation of firefighters.

MSA Cairns 1836: Where tradition meets innovation

Engineered with the quality, durability and safety that firefighters have come to expect from MSA Cairns, the Cairns 1836 is the first new-to-market traditional-style fire helmet from MSA Cairns in 20 years. The Cairns 1836 Fire Helmet was developed in response to customer preference for a lower profile helmet that is comfortable and is easier to clean. It accommodates the widest range of head sizes, with the Cairns 1836 fitting 95 percent of male and female firefighters based on NIOSH anthropometric test data.

The new helmet is one of the lightest weight traditional-style fire helmets available in the North American market, featuring a reduced ride height and fewer overall parts compared to other MSA Cairns traditional-style helmets. With a patent-pending slide-lock system, the Cairns 1836 is designed for quicker and easier disassembly and reassembly to help make cleaning and inspection simpler. With removable soft goods, the overall helmet design addresses industry preference for a helmet that can help promote increased cleaning frequency.

In addition to the lower profile and redesigned soft goods, new features include an articulating integrated Defender® Lens and laser-etched product information in the helmet, which eliminates the need for labels. More eye protection options are available, including NFPA Bourkes, a 4-inch faceshield and ESS goggles.

With integrated radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, it’s easy to track and manage Cairns 1836 helmets through MSA FireGrid® Inventory Management software. FireGrid can sort and filter helmets, manage new and existing helmets assets, and help with assigning helmets to firefighters and manage helmet cleanings, inspections and retirements.

The helmet is available in traditional black, red, white and yellow colors, plus a variety of painted colors. Fronts are also customizable on the Cairns 1836, with 5.5- and 6-inch front styles available and front holder options including the carved eagle and new silkscreen eagle and Maltese cross options.

With a focus on tradition and responding to today’s customers preferences, the Cairns 1836 is the latest innovation in providing head-to-toe protection to help keep firefighters safe. Globally, firefighters rely on MSA Safety to respond to their changing needs and use the latest technology and designs to help protect their lives and help them protect their communities. 

The PFAS Paradox: Understanding the health risks for firefighters

The implications of National Institute of Standards and Technology’s groundbreaking study on PFAS in firefighter gear

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), widely recognised for their presence in traditional firefighting foams and recently identified in turnout gear, stand as a significant and pervasive threat to the fire service.

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recently undertook research to find out just how much of a threat the very gear designed to protect poses.

The catalyst for this investigation is a legislative mandate born out of the Guaranteeing Equipment Safety for Firefighters Act of 2020.

This act compelled NIST to investigate the contents and composition of new and unused personal protective equipment worn by firefighters, with a keen focus on the presence and behaviour of PFAS.

PFAS, a group of man-made chemicals infamous for their persistence in the environment and in human bodies, have been a growing concern due to their potential health impacts.

The directive from the act was to explore the conditions and extent to which PFAS substances are released into the environment over time via the degradation of personal protective equipment from normal use by firefighters.

NIST’s response to this directive is Technical Note 2260, a comprehensive study that marks a significant advancement in our understanding of PFAS in firefighter gear.

The collaborative efforts of researchers from the Fire Research Division of the NIST Engineering Laboratory and the Chemical Sciences Division of the NIST Material Measurement Laboratory, with support from the National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory of the National Institute of Occupational Safety & Health, have culminated in this landmark report.

The study examined the occurrence and concentration of PFAS in structural firefighter jacket and pants textiles, subjecting them to a battery of stresses including abrasion, elevated temperature, laundering, and weathering—each reflective of the gear’s performance standards in the United States.

This study is pioneering in several respects.

It is the first to report PFAS concentrations in firefighter gear following exposure to controlled stressing processes, shedding light on the change in 51 non-volatile, semi-volatile, and volatile PFAS after such exposures.

The implications offer a new lens through which we can assess the safety of firefighter gear, not only in terms of immediate protection from fire and heat but also in relation to long-term health risks associated with chemical exposure.

NIST’s findings serve as a foundation for future investigations, promising to expand our knowledge to other types of firefighter gear such as gloves, hoods, and wildland firefighting attire.

The ultimate goal is to understand the lifetime PFAS release potential of firefighter gear, guiding us towards safer alternatives that do not compromise the health of the firefighters or the environment.

Why does turnout gear contain PFAS?

PFAS are utilised in firefighter turnout gear due to their unique properties that enhance the gear’s performance in critical aspects essential for firefighting.

As outlined in the National Fire Protection Association’s Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire Fighting (NFPA 1971), firefighter turnout gear, including coats, pants, or coveralls, as well as gloves, helmets, and footwear, is engineered to withstand extreme conditions.

To meet the stringent performance requirements specified in NFPA 1971 for chemical, light, and water resistance, certain layers of turnout gear are commonly treated with fluorinated polymers or include fluoropolymer membranes.

These treatments enhance the gear’s durability and resistance to various environmental stresses such as abrasion, heat, ultraviolet radiation, and laundering.

The inclusion of PFAS-based treatments ensures that the gear provides firefighters with the necessary protection against the diverse and hazardous environments they face, by leveraging the robust chemical and physical properties of PFAS to resist degradation and maintain performance over time​​.

When examining firefighter gear, the NIST study conducted identified various types of PFAS in various small amounts, each behaving differently in terms of staying in the fabric or potentially moving into the air.

This is important because it helps us understand what firefighters might be exposed to during their work.

The impact of wear and tear

The NIST research found that PFAS concentrations vary widely between the different layers of firefighter turnout gear, with the outermost layers containing the highest levels.

The methods employed to measure PFAS concentrations included detailed analysis of stressed textiles compared with unstressed counterparts, using a targeted analytical approach.

This approach, while providing valuable insights into PFAS presence and changes due to stressing, also has limitations.

For instance, it can only detect PFAS included in the targeted list, potentially overlooking other PFAS transformations or new types of PFAS formed during stressing.

These techniques, while sophisticated and capable of identifying specific PFAS changes, suggest that understanding the full spectrum of PFAS behaviour in firefighter gear under stress requires consideration of a broader range of PFAS compounds and stressing mechanisms.

The reliability of findings is strengthened by rigorous analytical methods and replication of tests, but is also bound by the targeted nature of PFAS analysis and the inherent complexity of textile stressing processes​​.

Research implications

Exposure to PFAS has been linked to adverse reproductive, developmental, and immunological effects in animal-based studies, and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) categorises PFOA, a type of PFAS, as possibly carcinogenic to humans.

Firefighters can be exposed via inhalation, ingestion, or absorption through skin contact with contaminated gear or from the combustion of products containing PFAS on the fireground​​.

Further research suggests that PFAS exposure in firefighters is an occupational hazard, with turnout gear extensively treated with fluoropolymers for water and oil repellency.

Elevated PFAS levels have been found in the dust and air of fire stations, and systemic reviews indicate a correlation between PFAS exposure and increased cancer risk among firefighters.

This underscores the importance of understanding the sources and pathways of PFAS exposure to mitigate health risks​​.

What now?

Other studies have found that cleaning gear can reduce levels of various contaminants, suggesting that similar approaches could be effective for PFAS.

Adapting maintenance routines to include laundering practices specifically aimed at reducing PFAS could involve evaluating the efficacy of different cleaning methods and detergents, possibly leading to the development of new standards for firefighting gear maintenance.

This could also necessitate additional research to ensure that laundering does not degrade the protective qualities of the gear while effectively reducing PFAS levels.

This study points towards the need for establishing industry-wide standards to reduce PFAS use in firefighting gear.

This variability suggests a lack of consistency in how PFAS are applied and managed in the production of firefighter protective clothing, underscoring the need for standardised approaches to limit exposure to these chemicals​​.

Such standards could include specifications for PFAS concentrations, guidelines for alternative repellent technologies, and requirements for gear performance that ensure firefighter safety without relying on harmful chemicals.

By setting clear benchmarks, regulatory bodies and industry groups could encourage manufacturers to innovate and adopt PFAS-free or reduced PFAS alternatives, potentially leading to a shift in the market towards safer firefighting equipment​​.

As awareness of PFAS-related health risks grows among firefighters and the general public, consumer demand for safer gear is only likely to further incentivise manufacturers to comply with new standards, ultimately benefiting firefighter health and safety.

The future of turnout gear

As awareness of the health risks associated with PFAS grows, there’s a clear push towards developing gear that minimises or eliminates the use of these chemicals without compromising on performance or safety.

Innovations in material science and textile engineering will likely play a central role in this transition, as researchers and manufacturers explore alternative materials that offer the same level of protection, durability, and resistance to water and contaminants as PFAS-containing materials, but without the associated health risks​​​​​​.

This pursuit may lead to a greater emphasis on sustainability and health safety in the design ethos of firefighting gear, incorporating biodegradable, non-toxic, and recyclable materials that meet stringent performance standards.

Additionally, regulatory bodies may introduce stricter guidelines and testing protocols to ensure that new materials meet the operational demands of firefighting while also being safer for the users and the environment.

Collaborative efforts between industry stakeholders, regulatory agencies, and the firefighting community will be crucial in driving these changes.

By pooling resources for research and development, sharing knowledge, and adopting best practices, the industry can accelerate the adoption of safer alternatives.

Research initiatives like those undertaken by NIST are pivotal for the evolution of safer firefighting gear, serving as informed, science-based foundations for improvements in safety standards and equipment design.

By systematically identifying and quantifying the presence of PFAS in firefighting gear, NIST’s work lays the groundwork for understanding the extent of chemical exposure and its potential health impacts.

NIST’s research methodologies, which often involve sophisticated analytical techniques and rigorous testing protocols, set benchmarks for quality and reliability in scientific inquiry.

Ultimately, research like NIST’s is vital for driving progress towards gear that better protects firefighters from both immediate dangers and long-term health risks, without sacrificing the essential performance characteristics required for firefighting operations.

This article was originally published in the March 2024 issue of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE digital copy, click here.

Dressed for distress with All Seasons Uniforms

Best practices for selecting and maintaining fire and safety uniforms, by Nick Warrick, Owner at All Seasons Uniforms

Fire safety technicians manage dangerous scenes to keep people and businesses safe from fires. Whether you are an employee or an employer, you must ensure that your turnout gear is always in perfect condition.

For employees, you can be sure of your safety as you work. The turnout gear is an investment for a company, so for employers, it keeps your employees safe and preserves an investment.

The NFPA 1851 is a specific set of rules guiding the fire department in caring for their gear. These rules cover inspection, cleaning, repairing, storage, and how to retire the gear.

We’ve added a few other best practices for choosing, selecting, and maintaining fire and safety uniforms.

Benefits of fire and safety uniforms in hazardous work environments

OSHA safety guidelines state that a company should provide workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) if they cannot remove all work-related hazards. Apart from this guide, fire and safer uniforms have other benefits.

  • Protection: These uniforms are geared towards shielding workers from flames, extreme temperatures, electrical hazards, and hazardous chemicals. They help reduce the risk of injuries and burns in a dangerous work environment.
  • High Visibility: High-visibility elements are vital to enhancing visibility. They help make workers more conspicuous in poor-light conditions or even smoke-filled environments.
  • Comfort and Mobility: Workers can be guaranteed comfort and unrestricted movement with well-designed uniforms. This allows firefighters and other life safety workers to perform their tasks seamlessly.
  • Confidence and Performance:  Knowing you are safe even when working in a dangerous zone can boost your confidence and enhance your performance. This is the same for fire safety technicians and other safety personnel.
  • Recognition: Uniforms make it easier to identify each other in emergencies. This eventually enables seamless coordination among the team.
  • Professional Image: Wearing your official work clothes makes you look professional and sure of your skills. Likewise, fire and safety uniforms show a sense of professionalism.
  • Compliance with Regulations: OSHA requires that employers do not allow employees exposed to hazards of flames or electric arcs to wear clothes that would cause injury. Therefore, these uniforms adhere to safety standards and regulations.
  • Employee Morale: Providing these uniforms shows your employees that you care about them. Subsequently, this enhances employee morale, which may translate to a well-done job.

Factors to consider when selecting fire and safety uniforms

Selecting the most appropriate fire and safety uniforms is important to ensure workplace safety. Proper uniforms protect employees from potential hazards and ensure they are easily identifiable while acting in safety emergencies. Also, knowing various fabrics and how they work is crucial. For instance, understanding the difference between flame-resistant and arc-rated clothing is important.

Some key factors you need to consider when choosing these uniforms include:

  • Fabric’s flame resistance
  • Durability and comfort
  • Uniforms with high visibility elements
  • Fitting uniforms
  • Uniforms that meet compliance with safety standards and regulations

Here are more of the factors you need to consider:

Conducting a hazard assessment

Before choosing the correct uniforms for your employees, you must conduct an all-around hazard assessment. You need to Identify the existing risks in the workplace, such as fire, chemicals, and other physical hazards.

Ensure that you assess your possible exposure to these risks. This will eventually help you consider the protection levels needed for your employees.

The assessment will also help you determine the necessary features and materials for the required uniforms. It also ensures that the protective gear provides adequate protection from the hazardous work environment.

Complying with safety standards and regulations

Before purchasing and investing in these uniforms, you must meet the safety standards and rules. First, verify that the uniforms you want to buy comply with industry-specific safety guidelines and government guidelines. Complying with these regulations makes it easy to ensure that the uniforms offer the required level of protection.

Materials that promote effectiveness and safety

When choosing fire and safety uniforms, you don’t look at fashion. Look for flame-resistant fabrics that can effortlessly withstand high temperatures. While at it, durable materials will extend the uniforms’ lifespan, reducing replacement costs.

Comfort is also important to prevent fatigue and boost productivity. Always choose materials that provide breathability and moisture absorption.

High visibility and reflective elements in uniforms

Uniforms with high visibility and reflective elements are a great plus, especially if your employees work in low-light environments or during emergency nighttime operations.

These vital elements help them identify each other while working in potentially hazardous situations. Consider uniforms with fluorescent colours and retro reflective materials when selecting the appropriate uniforms.

Proper sizing and correct fit

Proper sizing and fit in fire and safety uniforms ensure comfort and safety. Ill-fitting uniforms can hinder movement and lead to accidents.

Additionally, a perfect fit encourages workers to wear uniforms consistently. Also, you can choose uniforms with adjustable features to accommodate different body types.

Tips for maintaining fire and safety uniforms

Maintaining fire and safety uniforms ensures their effectiveness and determines how long they last. Here are some tips you can use to maintain the uniforms:

  • Regularly inspect the uniforms for wear and tear and replace damaged or worn-out pieces as soon as possible.
  • Every uniform has a manufacturer’s set of instructions. Ensure you and your employees follow them to maintain the uniforms’ flame resistance and other protective properties.
  • Make sure your employees Implement proper cleaning procedures to remove dirt and maintain hygiene.
  • Always encourage employees to report damaged uniforms immediately and provide access to replacement options.

Implementing a uniform policy and program

Incorporating a uniform policy and program into your business or company is essential for effectively integrating fire and safety uniforms in the workplace. You may need to develop a comprehensive policy that outlines employee uniform requirements, uniform maintenance procedures, and compliance guidelines.

Thoroughly and consistently communicate the importance of such policies to all employees and provide the required training on the proper usage and care of the uniforms. This shows how much you value the policy, which will, in turn, make the employees appreciate the policies as well.

Also, ensure that you have easy access to approved uniform suppliers to streamline the replacement process. This will make it easier for you to source the uniforms whenever you need to replace them.

Have a discipline or a set period when you thoroughly review and update the policy to align with changing safety standards and your organisational needs. A well-structured uniform program boosts a safer working environment for your employees and promotes a sense of professionalism among them.

This article was originally published in the March 2024 issue of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE digital copy, click here.

Firefighter PPE challenges for women highlighted by HAIX

Understanding PPE Needs for Female Firefighters

Global PPE footwear manufacturer HAIX recently engaged in a significant discussion with two firefighters, Amy Lynex and Caillin Tyler, highlighting the challenges female firefighters face in sourcing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).

The conversation, focusing on the unique needs of women in a predominantly male-dominated field, revealed insights into the difficulties encountered in finding well-fitting and effective footwear.

Amy Lynex, a Fire Crew Manager with six years of experience in Gloucester, and Caillin Tyler, a Leicestershire firefighter, shared their personal experiences.

Lynex noted: “As a public entity, fire services have to prioritise equipment choice based on cost due to budget constraints and I’ve found that this can lead to footwear not fitting well and being of limited quality.”

She detailed issues with boots not being available in smaller sizes suitable for females, leading to discomfort and increased risk of injury.

Tyler added: “Poorly fitting boots greatly increases our chance of injury. The increased incidents of wildfires are also causing new problems, with foot comfort affected by the heat control of our boots.”

She underscored the necessity for diverse PPE to cater to different situations, such as prolonged periods of wildfire deployment.

Advancements in Firefighting Boots by HAIX

The discussion also shed light on HAIX’s commitment to addressing these challenges through its product development.

Both Lynex and Tyler praised the HAIX Fire Eagle 2.0 boots for their innovative design.

Lynex shared her experience with the boots: “The Fire Eagle 2.0 is lighter than other boots I’ve worn.

“The unique lacing system means that the bottom part becomes tight for a suitable fit and the top part remains looser which helps with comfort.”

Tyler echoed these sentiments, highlighting the boots’ ankle support, lightweight design, and adaptability to individual foot shapes, irrespective of gender.

Industry Perspectives and Changes

Beyond footwear, the discussion ventured into broader issues faced by female firefighters.

Lynex observed: “Being a woman in the industry can be tough, women are often more scrutinised and have to work a lot harder in regard to fitness.”

She also noted a gradual shift in industry perspectives, mentioning increasing female participation in events like the British Firefighter Challenge and a move away from outdated mindsets.

IFSJ Comment

The initiative by HAIX to address the specific PPE needs of female firefighters is a commendable step towards inclusivity and safety in the firefighting profession.

It not only highlights the necessity for gender-specific design in firefighting gear but also the importance of continuous innovation to enhance the comfort and efficacy of PPE.

This approach benefits not just women in the field but the entire firefighting community, as it drives progress in safety standards and equipment quality.

Tuffking expands firefighting gear range amid global growth push

Tuffking’s Foray into Global Markets with Enhanced Firefighting Gear

Founded in 1854 as Giffard Newton & Sons and now known as Tuffking, the Loughton-based safety footwear manufacturer, is experiencing a significant phase of expansion.

The company is preparing for a 40% increase in turnover this year, largely driven by its focus on developing firefighting gear.

This growth comes as Tuffking launches 25 new designs, aiming to hit a turnover of £50m by 2030.

With operations currently in 15 countries, Tuffking is leveraging an £850,000 funding package from Lloyds Bank, which includes trade finance, to reach emerging markets and expand its global footprint.

This expansion plan also entails the creation of six new jobs, increasing the workforce by 50%.

The company’s rich history, which includes supplying the armed forces during both World Wars and repurposing its factory to support allied forces, has cemented its reputation for quality British-made products.

Tuffking’s evolution now includes a significant focus on the development of advanced firefighting gear, catering to the modern demands of emergency services.

Innovative Approach to Firefighting Footwear

Tuffking has embarked on a journey of innovation, leveraging its 170 years of technical expertise to modernise its entire product range.

This innovation led to the creation of a pioneering firefighting boot, made from 100% recycled vegan materials and post-consumer waste.

These boots are notably lighter and more sustainable than their predecessors, designed to meet the rigorous demands of modern firefighting professionals.

Managing Director Ryan Dhindsa emphasised the importance of innovation in the company’s growth strategy: “Our business has a long history within the UK and we’ve built a reputation for providing a high-quality product that our customers trust.

“But the last thing we wanted to do was become complacent, and we can see that many businesses are rapidly evolving. So, we wanted to adapt quickly with them.

“Our investment in innovation, supported by Stuart and the team at Lloyds Bank, gives us a platform for growth and ensures an edge over our competitors.

“With the number of new sectors needing specialist designs to meet their needs, the opportunities – and potential to grow – are endless.”

Significant Growth and Expansion in New Sectors

The company’s strategic shift and focus on firefighting gear have led to substantial growth, tripling its turnover since the redesign of its products.

Tuffking has successfully ventured into new sectors, including manufacturing, electrical engineering, and logistics, marking a new era of diversification and expansion.

Stuart Wiggins, Relationship Manager at Lloyds Bank, praised Tuffking’s approach: “Tuffking is an example of a British business built on heritage and consistent quality, but this does not mean it is resting on its laurels.

“Instead, it’s looking to the future and Ryan and his team have taken the brave decision to evolve to break into new sectors and markets.

“We’re proud to deliver a bespoke working capital package for the business, and support the team with its ambition.

“At a time when sustainability is high on everyone’s agenda, it’s moved quickly to work with its suppliers and create industry-changing designs, and it’s an approach I know other businesses will take inspiration from.

“That’s because they see Tuffking putting its best-foot-forward and investing where it knows it can add value for customers.”

IFSJ Comment

The journey of Tuffking from a historic British brand to a globally recognised name in firefighting gear exemplifies the synergy between heritage, innovation, and adaptability.

The company’s focus on developing specialised firefighting footwear aligns with the evolving needs of emergency services and highlights the importance of sustainable practices in safety gear manufacturing.

Firefighters in Connecticut confront risks of PFAS in protective gear

Firefighters Exposed to Harmful Chemicals in Gear

Recent findings reveal that firefighters’ turnout gear, essential for their safety, contains perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).

These chemicals, present in various products, are known for their persistence in the environment and potential health risks.

Kevin McKie of the Environmental Litigation Group explained the severity of the situation: “The turnout gear that firefighters have been wearing for a long time, the gear they wear to go into fires … has layers in it that contain a fair amount of PFAS.

Firefighters are being exposed at levels much higher than the general public.” He highlighted the dangers posed by PFAS, including its presence in the dust of firehouses, which firefighters can inadvertently inhale.

Legal Actions Against PFAS Manufacturers

Recognizing the risks, State Attorney General William Tong has initiated legal action against 28 manufacturers of PFAS.

This includes companies involved in the production of firefighting foam, a known source of PFAS exposure.

Nationally, efforts are intensifying, with around 500 cases pending in US District Court in Charleston, S.C., targeting major manufacturers like 3M and Dupont.

McKie commented on the plight of firefighters: “They didn’t realize that the gear …

and the products they were given to help them do their job as efficiently as possible and to save as many people as possible was hurting them at the same time.”

Personal Accounts from the Frontlines

Paul Spennato, a 13-year veteran of the Westport Fire Department, shared his personal experience with PFAS exposure.

Currently in remission from a myxoid liposarcoma tumor, Spennato expressed uncertainty about the direct link between his cancer and PFAS, but acknowledged his exposure to the chemicals.

His concern extends to multiple exposure routes firefighters face, stating: “The PFAS is in our gear that we wear, not just firefighting foam. You go to a structure fire and things that are burning in your home may contain PFAS.”

Reflecting on his earlier years, Spennato noted his less cautious approach towards his gear.

However, his outlook has changed significantly: “My message to the other firefighters is, be vigilant. Wear your gear only when necessary. Educate yourself on PFAS. Just do the best you can to wear all your protective equipment.”

Statewide Initiatives and Personal Advocacy

Connecticut has made strides in supporting firefighters affected by cancer.

The Firefighters Cancer Relief Program, established in 2017 and bolstered with additional funding in October, aims to help firefighters recover lost wages during cancer treatment.

Peter Brown, president of the Uniformed Professional Firefighters Association, confirmed the utilization of this program by affected firefighters.

Spennato remains committed to educating his peers about PFAS risks and advocating for further support: “I would like for the politicians to stand behind us and support us with getting this PFAS out of our gear. I want more educational programs to bring awareness to our firefighters.”

IFSJ Comment

The challenges faced by Connecticut firefighters due to PFAS in their protective gear highlight a broader issue within the firefighting community.

The juxtaposition of their essential safety equipment potentially harboring harmful substances underscores a complex dilemma.

The collective efforts, ranging from legal action against manufacturers to individual advocacy and state-supported programs, indicate a growing recognition of this issue and a commitment to addressing it.

Ensuring firefighter safety extends beyond the immediate dangers of fire; it also involves protecting them from long-term health risks associated with their critical work.