IFSJ Exclusive: Fighting fire with technology

by AmericasBreaking NewsIFSJ ExclusivesTraining

From digital simulation to gas and carbonaceous training, Mathé Koenen unveils how LION’s NFTT is revolutionising firefighter training

Who are you, and what is your job position within LION?

I’m an electrical and mechanical engineer and also a firefighter, a role I took on in 1983, which was 40 years ago.

Over the years, I’ve had a variety of positions, including serving as the head of a fire brigade.

Following that, I worked as an assistant plant manager and then joined an international centre focusing on extrication techniques.

Additionally, I worked for Falk Fire Training, which is one of the largest fire training organisations in Europe.

We provided diverse types of fire training such as industrial, residential, urban firefighting, and structural. There, I led the training department and delivered trainings myself.

As for my role at LION, I wear several hats: I am a trouble-shooter, consultant, and trainer.

You’re here to discuss a new concept from LION, the New Fire Training Technology or NFTT. Could you tell us more about it?

Certainly. The NFTT, a term coined by our director, represents our response to the world’s increasing environmental demands.

It’s not just about environmental impact but also significantly about the health and safety of our instructors and students.

The NFTT gave birth to what we refer to as digital firefighting technology. This involves no actual heat or real smoke— we use artificial smoke—and eliminates stress.

Consequently, new students can acquire skills and knowledge effectively without the typical pressures. They can fully concentrate on the training without worrying about surrounding hazards while acclimating to new experiences like using breathing apparatus under simulated smoke and heat conditions.

It’s a significant advancement in terms of the environment and the health of firefighters in training and their instructors.

In addition to this, we specialise in gas-heated simulators. These are complementary to the digital firefighting training.

A firefighter, naturally, needs to have experience real flames, feel actual heat, and work with real breathing apparatus. Gas-simulators can do all this within a controlled setting.

With a simple push of a button, a fire is ignited and another push, it’s extinguished. The process is highly controllable and stress-free, allowing trainees to focus on refining their skills and procedures as initially learned in the digital simulation.

Before they graduate and begin their real careers, firefighters must experience real heat, smoke, stress, and master the use of breathing apparatus. This complete package of the NFTT provides valuable and efficient training.

In the past, learning to become a firefighter was a lengthy process because training mainly used wood-driven fires, which created a lot of stress and heat, making learning slower. But with the NFTT, we’re changing this.

As an experienced firefighter who has been in the field for many years and as a fire trainer, what is your honest opinion about this approach? Do you think it’s better?

 It’s definitely better. I believe this combined approach of digital and gas simulations is the most comprehensive training package available.

The digital aspect alone could cater to around 75% of all training needs in firefighting. It’s beneficial not only for new firefighters but also for experienced ones.

Although some firefighters initially associate digital with children’s games and gas with cooking and yearn for “real fires,” they often overlook the negative impacts of wood-driven fires on the environment, their own health and safety, and the effectiveness of training.

We’re beginning to see a shift towards more environmentally friendly training, and we’re proud that NFTT is leading the way.

One successful element in our NFTT project is the development of an afterburner, allowing carbonaceous fire training in city centres without producing smoke.

This means the final part of the training can be performed in a realistic setting without causing significant stress to the environment.

What is the ideal blend of fire technology in a training centre?

I believe the perfect mix would be 75% digital, 15% gas, and 10% carbonaceous training.

Aren’t you concerned that the quality of training could suffer without exclusively using wood-burning methods?

 To be honest, I had similar reservations when I began with digital training in 2019. I had the same misconceptions—digital was for video games, and gas was for cooking.

However, after half a year of working with these methods, I was astounded by their effectiveness.

This sequence—digital, gas, and carbonaceous—completely changed my perspective. I firmly believe this approach is the best for training, environmental impact, and health and safety.

What advice would you give for “smart” management of training facilities?

My suggestion would be to consider adopting this 75-15-10 split. It’s crucial to remember that the environment is as important as the health and safety of the students and instructors.

Moreover, this approach is more cost-effective, enabling the delivery of more trainings—a smart move financially. So, my advice is to start working within the 75-15-10 ratio.

This exclusive article was originally published in the June 2023 issue of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE digital copy, click here.

Igniting change: LION looks at fire training equipment

by AmericasBreaking NewsIFSJ ExclusivesTraining

LION looks at the current state of fire training equipment and how new technologies impact it

All firefighters will always tell you the importance of having proper fire training equipment and how it can improve the outcome of any emergency incident. The current state of fire training equipment has greatly improved over the years, with new technologies being developed to better prepare firefighters for real-life scenarios.

Digital fire is among the most significant new technologies in fire training equipment. This technology allows firefighters to experience simulated fire scenarios in a controlled environment. Fire training with digital fire technology aims to help prepare for real-life situations, as you can practice your response and decision-making skills in a safe and controlled environment.

The importance of training as a team strengthened with Digital Fire Technology.

In firefighting, where lives are at stake and every second counts, the importance of team training cannot be overstated. Fire rescue operations demand high coordination, communication, and trust among team members. Exercise with digital fire technology strengthens the significance of team training in equipping fire rescuers with the necessary skills, fostering effective teamwork, enhancing situational awareness, and ultimately saving lives.

Why use digital fire technology for team training?

Skill development and readiness

They are using this technology without worrying about budget and stock of consumables (wood or gas) or health impact (CO2 or Toxic particles). Team training is pivotal in developing and honing the skills required for fire rescue operations. It allows firefighters to learn and practice critical techniques like search and rescue, ventilation, ladder operations, and fire suppression.

By simulating realistic scenarios, training helps firefighters become familiar with equipment usage, response protocols, and incident command systems. Regular training sessions enable them to remain prepared, ensuring a prompt and effective response when emergencies arise.

Enhancing teamwork and communication

Successful fire rescue operations depend on seamless teamwork and clear communication. Team training activities facilitate the development of a shared understanding and trust among team members. By engaging in exercises emphasising coordination, cooperation, and decision-making, firefighters learn to work cohesively, relying on each other’s expertise and support. Regular practice enables them to anticipate each other’s actions, minimising errors and maximising efficiency during high-pressure situations.

Building situational awareness

Assessing and adapting to changing circumstances is crucial in fire rescue operations. Team training aids in building situational awareness, enabling firefighters to analyse and respond to dynamic situations quickly. They learn to evaluate potential risks, identify hazards, and make rapid decisions under stress through simulated scenarios. Training also exposes them to various types of fire incidents, increasing their familiarity with challenges they may encounter in the field.

Stress management and decision-making

Fire rescue operations can be incredibly demanding, both physically and mentally. Team training exposes firefighters to real stressors, helping them develop resilience and effective stress management strategies. Practicing decision-making in high-pressure environments makes them better equipped to make swift, informed judgments during emergencies. Training allows them to anticipate potential risks, adapt to unforeseen circumstances, and execute well-coordinated plans, even in chaotic situations.

Continuous improvement and professional growth

Team training is not a one-time event but an ongoing process. It provides a platform for continuous improvement and professional growth. Regular training sessions allow firefighters to refine their skills, learn from past experiences, and stay updated with the latest firefighting techniques and technologies. By participating in joint training exercises with other fire departments or specialised rescue teams, they broaden their knowledge and exchange best practices, fostering a culture of innovation and excellence.

In the challenging realm of fire rescue, team training is an indispensable component for effective operations and preserving life. Through skill development, enhanced teamwork, situational awareness, stress management, and continuous improvement, fire rescuers are better prepared to face their profession’s demanding and unpredictable nature. Investing in comprehensive team training programs not only strengthens individual capabilities but also ensures that the collective efforts of firefighters can be seamlessly coordinated, resulting in safer and more successful rescue operations.

The total cost of ownership of fire training units: Emphasising long-term investment

When it comes to fire training units, considering the total cost of ownership is essential. While short-term costs may seem appealing, evaluating the long-term benefits and expenses associated with these units is crucial. Looking beyond immediate expenditures and making informed decisions prioritising long-term investments in fire training units is critical.

Initial cost vs. lifespan

Short-term thinking often centres around the initial cost of fire training units. However, more than focusing on the upfront price is needed to consider the lifespan of the equipment. Investing in a high-quality, skilful mix of digital, gas and wood-fired training units may involve a higher initial cost but can significantly extend their useful life. By prioritising long-term investment, fire departments can avoid frequent replacements and associated expenses, ultimately leading to cost savings over time.

Maintenance and repairs

Fire training units require regular maintenance and occasional repairs to ensure optimal performance. Homemade units may seem attractive initially, but they often need more frequent and costly repairs. Long-term investment in reliable and well-constructed training units minimises maintenance requirements and reduces the risk of unexpected breakdowns. This approach allows fire departments to allocate resources efficiently, preventing interruptions in training schedules and maintaining operational readiness.

Safety and risk mitigation

Fire training units must prioritise safety for both firefighters and the environment. Opting for high-quality units that adhere to safety standards and regulations reduces the risk of accidents, injuries, and environmental hazards. Short-term investments in cheaper, substandard units may compromise safety measures and result in costly legal consequences, liabilities, and reputational damage. Long-term investments in reliable training units prioritise safety, minimising potential risks and safeguarding the well-being of personnel and the community.

Scalability and adaptability

Fire departments must consider the scalability and adaptability of training units to meet evolving training needs. Short-term investments often limit flexibility and restrict future expansion or modification. In contrast, long-term investments in versatile training units offer the flexibility to accommodate changing training requirements, additional features, and technological advancements.

This approach provides a higher return on investment by ensuring the units remain relevant and effective over an extended period.

Reducing the carbon footprint of fire training

The first step in reducing the carbon footprint of fire training is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of current practices. This involves evaluating equipment, fuel consumption, energy sources, waste management, and transportation methods employed during training exercises. Understanding the existing carbon emissions and their sources enables identifying improvement areas and developing targeted sustainability strategies.

Encouraging eco-friendly training methods

Exploring and promoting eco-friendly training methods is vital to achieving the carbon reduction objectives in fire training. Emphasising digital fire-based training, combining digital, gas and wood burns provides cost-effective alternatives that enhance training’s environmental impact. Incorporating these innovative technologies into fire training curricula can significantly minimise the carbon footprint and how fire departments can substantially contribute to carbon reduction efforts.

More research and development are needed to determine any potential drawbacks to relying heavily on technology for fire training or to create even more effective and efficient tools for firefighters to use in training and on the job.

Other new technologies are being developed to improve fire training equipment, like virtual or augmented reality. We must continue to invest in developing new technologies for fire training equipment. By doing so, we can better equip our firefighters to handle the challenges they face and keep our communities safe.

This exclusive article was originally published in the June 2023 issue of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE digital copy, click here.

IFSJ Exclusive: Redefining hazmat response

by Breaking NewsTraining

Gavin Parker, Senior Station Officer with Fire Rescue Victoria, looks at Thermal Imaging Cameras for identifying product levels and conditions in containers

The use of thermal imaging cameras (TICs) can greatly enhance our capability for fires and incidents. This includes their use for hazmat response to assist in identifying product levels and energy conditions in containers.

To identify product levels, hazmat responders typically use available resources such as level gauges, sight glasses, or probes to physically measure the volume or depth of the material. Firefighters can also use the TIC without direct contact to determine product levels, temperature conditions and changes. This can assist in determining the appropriate response and containment measures from a distance.

The product levels that may be identified can be either solids such as powders or grains, liquids stored at atmospheric pressure or liquefied gases stored under pressure or refrigeration. TICs are not reliable for measuring gas levels. Gases cannot be detected in the same manner as liquids because the impact of any energy transferred to the surface may be equal throughout the entire container. Therefore, gas-filled containers, regardless of product quantity unless liquefied, may appear as one consistent shade.

We may be able to identify product levels in containers of all shapes and sizes. Thermal imagers cannot “see through” the container, the product in contact with the outer surface of a container conducts energy through its wall at a different rate than the air space above. If thermal contrast exists, the TIC may indicate a product level as a variation in screen shades between the contents and the air space.

Limitations and considerations

Limitations of the cameras use for hazmat use include, but are not limited to the following:

  • Intrinsic safety – Not all thermal imagers are intrinsically safe and those that are not shouldn’t be used in areas that require the elimination of ignition sources.
  • Emissivity of surfaces – A measure of the viewed surface’s ability to radiate thermal energy compared to a perfect emitter of energy. These can vary between low emissivity surfaces that are shiny, polished, and gloss painted and those that have high emissivity, for example, a rough or matt finish, or ones that are tarnished, oxidised, or have contaminants such as dirt and grime on the surface.
  • Container construction – Insulated or double skinned containers may hide the thermal signature of the contents.
  • Background radiation – Absorbed or reflected energy from the sun, cold celestial radiation from clear sky or other background objects may produce a false indication of product levels or other anomalies.
  • Environmental factors – Wind, rain, ambient air temperature and other environmental factors that may provide inaccuracies.
  • Thermal equilibrium – If the container, product, and the airspace are all equal in temperature, producing a thermal image with an even shade with no thermal contrast of the product level.
  • Thermal capacitance – The airspace at the top of the container may warm up and cool down much faster than the product in the container. This allows us to identify the product level if thermal contrast exists.The thermal capacitance of the container and products, particularly between liquids and solids such a grains or powders may vary.
  • Equipment limitations – Sensor resolution, camera features and functions, distance to spot ratio (D:S), temperature range and Direct Temperature measurement (DTM), most cameras are limited to a display in whole numbers only, also reducing accuracy.

There are many factors affecting the image produced, and any apparent or measured temperature accuracy. It is important to remember that the information presented may not always be definitive.

We need to consider the construction, shape, surface, and finish of the container that you are going to inspect. Containers with a smooth, shiny finish may have low emissivity and reflect energy from the surroundings. This can give an inaccurate indication of the actual surface temperatures and energy.

If a container appears as one shade of grey or colour on the viewing screen, it could be full, empty, or partially filled and in thermal equilibrium, with the product, air space and container at or near the same temperature. In that case, regardless of the product level it may indicate as a single screen shade.

Throughout a 24-hour cycle of warming and cooling from ambient temperature or energy from the sun, the product and air space may cycle through thermal equilibrium at different times. Containers stored in an even temperature environment and shaded from the sun are more likely to have the product and airspace in thermal equilibrium. If appropriate and safe to do so, cooling a section of the cylinder with a water spray may cool the airspace and provide some thermal contrast of the product level.

In other examples, the insulating properties of containers, background energy from the sun, cold energy from the sky, partial shade or other environmental factors may prevent indication of the product level or provide indications of incorrect levels and other anomalies. In some situations, the camera operator may be able to use other similar containers on site with the same construction as a reference or as a comparison.

Experience with the camera, products and containers is key to understanding and working within any limitations.

The use of the TIC should be done in conjunction with appropriate PPE/PPC, a risk assessment, correct operational procedures and other equipment and practices such as air monitoring that would normally be used.

The camera may enable assessment from a safe distance reducing exposure, without direct contact of the container(s) or products. If required, the cameras digital zoom feature can also be used if available.

Use appropriate camera modes and compare to standard mode (TI Basic) as a benchmark. Where possible and if safe to do so, inspect containers from several sides. With horizontally mounted cylinders and tanks, check each side, each end as well as an angle to take in two sides at once. With upright mounted tanks, if possible, check from several angles.  For all containers consider the impact of sunshine for radiant energy, reflections, shadows and if the sky is clear, for cold celestial reflections.

Compare with what can be seen visually with any anomaly identified or the product levels detected for the potential influence of background energy and/or the emissivity of the surface. These can be because of direct sunshine, shade, painted surfaces, or other factors that can affect the thermal view.

DTM can also be done at several points; at, above and below the product level, this can also verify what has been identified on the screen display.

Chemical or processing temperature reactions may also be identified and monitored. For any application and ongoing assessment, record the DTM of the product and airspace as needed and capture images or record video if required.

Inspection results

Information gained will assist in determining product levels, the potential of any leaks, and the possible requirements for containment or decanting of containers.

Identify if any anomalies exist and verify them if possible. Some large liquid storage containers may have a “sludge” build-up that can settle as an uneven level or have two or more liquid products that may have separated due to their specific gravity that may indicate multiple product levels. Solid materials such a grain or powders may have product levels that also appear uneven.

Conclusion

In all cases standard hazmat procedures must be utilised to identify product levels at hazmat incidents, a TIC should only be used as an additional aid to those standard procedures. Ensure that you are familiar with the TIC that you are using and any additional features or functions that can assist.

It is important to remember that the information provided may not always be accurate.

The interpretation of thermal imaging results can be complex and may require specialised training or expertise. Understanding the characteristics of different containers, materials and being able to recognise potential hazards based on experience, training, and a solid understanding of image interpretation are critical in the effective and successful use of thermal imaging in Hazmat situations.

This exclusive article was originally published in the June 2023 issue of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE digital copy, click here.

FPA introduces ABBE-accredited fire door inspection and passive fire protection qualifications

by Breaking NewsFire DoorsPassiveTraining

The Fire Protection Association (FPA), an established name in fire safety, has announced the launch of three new qualifications in fire safety. These include two levels of passive fire protection as well as fire door inspection training, adding to their wide range of training services.

FPA unveils ABBE-accredited fire safety qualifications

These qualifications, now accredited by the Awarding Body for Building Education (ABBE), are regulated by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual). They are the result of increasing demands in the fire safety sector for higher competency standards and better regulation.

FPA’s initiative in improving fire safety competency

In line with the growing emphasis on competence in fire safety, the FPA’s new qualifications cater to different roles and responsibilities within the industry. This offers professionals a chance to enhance their knowledge and gain vital skills for their career progression.

Industry tailored fire door inspection and fire protection courses

The FPA’s Fire Safety Trainer and Coordinator, Richard Nicholson commented on the introduction of these independently accredited qualifications: “The FPA is pleased to launch FPA-designed Passive Fire Qualifications registered with Ofqual through ABBE, the awarding body. Based on industry and employers’ needs, our qualifications support the competency agenda and focus on providing industry professionals with key knowledge and understanding through the robustness of qualification standards.”

Detailing the new fire safety qualifications

The FPA has introduced the following new courses:

  • Level 2 Award in Passive Fire Protection – Foundation: This qualification is suitable for anyone involved in property maintenance or refurbishment, offering entry-level understanding of fire safety protection within building structures.
  • Level 3 Award in Passive Fire Protection – Intermediate: Designed for individuals with basic passive fire protection knowledge and responsibility for overseeing its correct application, this qualification is aimed at those managing contractors and upskilling fire risk assessors.
  • Level 3 Award in Fire Door Inspection: This course provides necessary knowledge to ascertain whether a fire door set meets the required standard and advise a client or employer if a door fails to meet this standard.

For more information, including upcoming dates, locations, and booking and availability, visit the source.

About the FPA

The FPA is a renowned body in fire safety, offering an extensive range of training services to fire safety professionals. The introduction of these ABBE-accredited qualifications aims to enhance the competence of professionals in the fire safety industry, addressing industry and employers’ needs.

IFSJ Comment

This announcement from the FPA is important news in the fire safety sector. Offering these recognised and accredited qualifications not only raises the standard of competence within the industry but also supports the overarching competency agenda. This is a progressive step towards safer practices within the fire safety industry.

New virtual reality fire safety training scheme launches in UK

by Featured NewsTraining

In an innovative step forward for the property and construction sector, a novel training programme focused on passive fire protection has been introduced. The scheme, a first for the UK, is rooted in virtual reality (VR) technology and has been established in the North West of England.

An innovative solution to fire safety training

This novel venture, known as trainingEXP, has been launched by Jason McKnight and Joseph Dillon. It operates as a sister company to their established construction and project management firm, RECOM Solutions, based in Salford Quays. The founders have dedicated a significant investment to this endeavour and brought on board seasoned fire protection professional Adam Steed to lead the team of trainers.

Adam, joining from a certification company named Warringtonfire, brings considerable experience as a registered inspector of fire protection systems.

Emphasis on practical learning with VR

A distinguishing feature of trainingEXP is the use of VR technology, which replicates real-life environments to highlight common fire protection hazards in buildings. “By replicating live environments, such as hospitals, users can take virtual walks around buildings to carry out passive fire surveys and identify fire protection hazards in an immersive way”, stated Jason McKnight.

Unlike any existing software in the UK and Europe, their bespoke solution promotes interactivity. Delegates are able to engage directly with the simulations created, improving the understanding and awareness of fire safety significantly.

Expansion to meet demand

The founders of trainingEXP initially created a training academy for their own staff, including passive fire protection operatives, supervisors, project managers and surveyors. However, an increased demand from clients led to the expansion into a full-fledged venture.

The comprehensive VR-based training programme aims to serve various sectors, including residential, health and social care, commercial, leisure, education, heritage and industrial. Additionally, it caters to professionals like architects, tradespeople and operatives, as well as fire and rescue services.

An array of accredited inline courses

Beyond fire protection, trainingEXP also offers a range of online health and safety courses focusing on construction environments. Topics covered include asbestos management, design, regulation, first aid, and manual handling. All courses have been recognised or accredited by industry bodies such as the Institution of Occupational Safety and Health and the Association for Specialist Fire Protection.

Adam Steed commented: “Our mission is to help companies and organisations better understand their obligations and provide industry professionals with specialist knowledge that will improve fire safety”.

Towards a safer future

RECOM’s passive fire protection division, the fastest-growing arm of the group, has extended into a nationwide operation due to a series of contract wins. They have doubled their team of directly-employed installers in the past year. The company provides services such as passive fire protection installation, fire door surveys and installations, and repairs and upgrades, among others.

The launch of trainingEXP and its cutting-edge VR-based training scheme marks a significant stride in improving fire safety knowledge and standards across the built environment.

IFSJ Exclusive: Creating the NFPA LiNK

by AmericasBreaking NewsIFSJ ExclusivesTraining

With new features added, IFSJ takes a look at the NFPA LiNK platform

The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) recently announced enhanced features and a supporting YouTube channel to NFPA LiNK, its subscription-based application that delivers digital NFPA codes and standards, expert commentary and supplemental content. The NFPA LiNK YouTube channel is designed to complement NFPA LiNK by providing tutorials and quick-start video guides for optimising NFPA LiNK.

Iain Hoey, Editor at IFSJ, spoke the Kyle Spencer, Director of NFPA LiNK to find our more about the online learning platform and its recent upgrades.

What is NFPA LiNK?

A digital platform providing instant access — via your favorite device — to NFPA codes and standards, plus exclusive expert commentary, visual aids, and more.

Why was it developed and who is it for?

The digital tool enables fire and life safety professionals to easily navigate and understand code requirements based on real-life situations. The platform was developed to streamline workflows, solve industry challenges, and encourage continuous education past traditional handbooks. NFPA LiNK’s capabilities were also developed to simplify communication and collaboration amongst teams, ultimately increasing workplace efficiency.

How does it work?

In NFPA LiNK, users can store content for offline viewing, curate content, bookmark, add notes, share, and collaborate. NFPA LiNK is continuously updated with the latest codes and standards information, enabling workers to always perform their jobs accurately and efficiently. The search feature allows users to quickly search all NFPA code books by keyword or phrase – eliminating time spent scanning physical pages to find answers – and users can filter their search to further refine code content results.

NFPA LiNK is a progressive web application (PWA), which is an enriched application software that is delivered through a web browser. This all-in-one solution allows NFPA LiNK to be delivered to all devices and does not require the installation of an application through an app-store.

What content is available on the platform?

NFPA LiNK provides digital access to 1,500 codes and standards publications dating all the way back to 1993. This includes the most current edition of every code and standard. In addition, NFPA LiNK users have access to 43 documents translated in Spanish, mitigating the challenge of a language barrier during the design-build process.

NFPA LiNK also provides several learning opportunities for subscribers to keep their knowledge growing in a world that is constantly advancing. NFPA DiRECT is a section of the digital tool allowing access to industry-specific scenarios and illustrations. Users who have a Team subscription also have access to team collections where their peers can share industry knowledge, enabling a continuous flow of collaboration and education among teammates.

What are some recent additions to the platform?

The most recent additions to the platform consist of navigational improvements and code change indicators. The NFPA LiNK team is continuously implementing user feedback to improve and personalise the platform to fit the needs of the end-users, as seamlessly as possible. Three new code change indicator tools were recently added to NFPA LiNK. Subscribers can view the prior code edition side-by-side with the current edition to identify and understand changes made to codes.

Additionally, users have access to change summaries which provide detailed explanations to why the changes to the code were made. Lastly, a new indicator was added for Tentative Interim Amendments (TIA), allowing users to make a quick comparison of the original text and the amendment.

Why was the YouTube Channel launched and what can people find on there?

The NFPA LiNK YouTube Channel was launched to provide industry professionals with supplemental content and encourage ways to maximise the use of the platform. The channel offers tutorials, quick-start guides, and explanations to industry specific codes, classifications, and requirements. The channel also serves as a visual guide to future and potential NFPA LiNK subscribers.

Are there any plans to further develop NFPA LiNK?

NFPA LiNK is continuously being updated to include new features that improve the user experience and enable users to work seamlessly and safely. NFPA is constantly searching for user feedback and creating plans to adjust and advance the platform based on the preferences of its everyday users.

Why should people use NFPA LiNK?

People around the world have turned to NFPA codes and standards to do their jobs efficiently and effectively for more than a century. As the world around us is constantly evolving, being able to adapt and grow as an employee will set organisations up for future success. At NFPA, we found that digital transformation solves our challenges rather than creating them. Other leaders may find they are able to create a more meaningful customer experience or interpret their business data more efficiently.

NFPA’s approach to implementing NFPA LiNK was to create a tool that requires little to no training, is easy to access and navigate, and provides tangible value to employees’ daily operations. Digital transformation looks different for everybody; however, the implementation should aim to improve functionality, add value and drive innovation.

This exclusive article was originally published in the June 2023 issue of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE digital copy, click here.

IFSJ Exclusive: Innovative training for fire officers

by AmericasBreaking NewsIFSJ ExclusivesTraining

Yen I Chia, Chief Operating Officer, Emergency Response Command Academy, and Bruce Wong, the Asia-Pacific Ambassador of the Institute of Civil Protection Emergency Management, share experiences from fire commander training in New Taipei City, Taiwan

As in many modern cities, large-scale fire incidents have significantly dropped in recent years in New Taipei City due to the public’s heightened awareness of fire safety. Eventually, the new generation of fire commanders will not be able to gain experience in coordination and command, as well as communication with other partners in fire scene, such as subway, hospital, and port, etc. They can only equip themselves through training, but it is difficult for them to predict the fire behaviour and rate of fire spread, resulting in substantially reduced efficacy of the training. 

Obviously, there is a significant gap between training and reality. A few years ago, the New Taipei City Fire Department started to study how to further strengthen the command capabilities for the commanders in different levels. They learned that Virtual Reality (VR) technology emulates different disaster scenarios with great realism from South Korea, Singapore and France.

The Emergency Response Command Academy (ERCA) was established in 2018. Costing some US$1.2 million, the ERCA occupies a total floor area of 1,500 square metres and use the ADMS as the command-and-control training system. Since the official opening, more than 600 commanders were trained in ERCA each year on average.

The VR system installed 12 scenarios, such as apartments, high-rise buildings, chemical plants, tunnels and highways. Periphery of the New Taipei City Hall and nearby streets is also mapped out as the first local scene, adding to the authenticity of the training experience.

Another localised scenario is in a historic building. The public awareness of the importance of heritage conservation is increased in the Island. For protecting the irreplaceable structures, the commanders need to formulate the most suitable firefighting strategy according to distribution of historic buildings during the VR training.

Facilities

The ERCA has four sections: the On-scene Simulation Training Field, Operation Section, Incident Command Post and Crisis Decision-Making Room. All sections are connected via computers.

The On-scene Simulation Training Field is the main training ground of the ERCA. It equips 14 computers for simulating different roles in disaster scenes, such as ambulance commander, police officers, witness, and so on. The commanders can practice the strategies of command and control in small-scale incident or at the early stage of disaster. These commanders can learn how to make decisions in different scenarios for the purpose of handling real situations. The Operation Section is designed for the senior commanders to strengthen the deployment capacity at scene in complex scenarios.

In order to promote effective communication internally and externally, the commanders in the room can feel as if they are in a real incident command post and communicate and coordinate with different departments by radio, instant messaging applications and video conference. During a major disaster, senior government officials might involve commanders in decision making and coordination. The senior commanders can practice the workflow for effectively coordinating across different departments in the Crisis Decision-Making Room. Different levels of commanders can receive different levels of training in ERCA.

With an establishment of 14 core instructors and 14 tactical instructors, the ERCA develops 9 training courses. The training curriculum is a combination of theories and practices. Before operating the VR, the commanders will have case study and group discussions first. Then they will have practical session by using the VR device, turn the theory into reality. Afterwards, the commanders will share their opinions with each others. Finally, the instructors will review their performance and make appropriate recommendations for improvement if necessary.

Performance evaluation

After the training, the commanders’ performance will be reviewed. If the performance is weaker than expected, the instructor will talk to the commanders being assessed to find out the reason. In the past, performance may have been biased of the commanders being assessed. Nowadays, the ERCA has an assessment system that can provide systemic and objectivity methodology, with a view to enhancing the acceptability of the evaluation as well as to provide a quantitative overview.

Results

The ERCA has so far trained over 2,200 fire commanders over the last four years. Other fire departments from neighbouring cities also sent delegates to exchanges and learning. In addition, 2 VR table-top exercise with Toxic and Chemical Substances Bureau and Bureau of Cultural Heritage were organised to evacuate the objectives of the exercise by after-action-review and to enhance interdepartmental coordination. The VR exercise saved the cost, manpower and time to set the example of using high technology in the disaster preparedness in the Island. In 2022, the ERCA has been accredited with the ISO9001 reflecting the international training standards.

Looking forward

In the future, more local scenarios will be developed based on previous significant cases, including the fire in hospital, serious road traffic incident in highway, and hazmat incidents in port. The ERCA not only embeds in the commanders’ minds the lessons learned from previous cases, but has also become a knowledge hub to grow up with the departments from fire service, police, public health and culture.

This exclusive article was originally published in the June 2023 issue of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE digital copy, click here.

Derby training facility receives lifesaving equipment from Hochiki Europe

by Featured NewsTraining

Hochiki Europe has reaffirmed its dedication to lifelong training for fire engineers and apprentices with a significant contribution of life safety equipment to Banham Academy’s newly launched training facility in Derby.

As England’s leading specialist training institution, Banham Academy provides the Level 3 Fire Emergency and Security Systems (FESS) apprenticeship to students nationwide. Graduates emerge from the Academy equipped with essential skills and certifications, propelling them into promising careers in the fire and security sectors.

Over a three-year period, apprentices spend 15 weeks at Banham Academy’s educational training center, taking part in a blend of coursework and practical training. After successful completion of the course, they are awarded qualifications that are critical for their future careers. Moreover, as Banham is the inaugural IET-approved center, employers benefit from a competitive advantage, as graduates are formally recognised and accredited by the IET as engineering technicians.

In their generous donation, Hochiki Europe has provided an array of life safety equipment to Banham Academy’s new Derby training center. The array includes addressable panels, smoke and heat detectors, sounder bases and beacons, relay units, call points, and remote indicators.

“We are grateful to Hochiki Europe for their donation of life-saving equipment to our second training site in Derby,” said Kevin Faulkner, Operations Director, Banham Academy. “Banham Academy is reliant on donations from manufacturers within our industry to allow our apprentices to continue their training on industry-leading products that are trusted and are of the highest quality.

“Competency of installing, commissioning, and maintaining leading security and fire systems is an important part of the learning that we provide at the Academy. This vital hands-on learning allows our graduates to leave being proficient in handling lifesaving products and systems with the utmost of knowledge and care.”

The Derby establishment is Banham’s second Academy, enhancing their capability to offer their apprenticeships to an even larger number of young individuals across the UK from both their London and Derby locations. The new centre is not only larger but its strategic location also makes it more accessible to students in the North.

Nathan Hudson, Sales and Marketing Director at Hochiki Europe, expressed, “We were delighted to help Banham Academy because we know how important it is to encourage and support career development as well as helping the next generation of life safety engineers across the country.

“Compliance is crucial in our world, we design and manufacture products which are trusted to not only save lives and property, but also reduce false alarms, but this is only possible when the installation is compliant. Our aim with this donation is to enable Banham Academy to deliver hands on, compliant training using the latest life safety technology.”

Fire safety apprenticeships receive boost with IFSM and SSAIB collaboration

by Featured NewsTraining

In a bid to address the growing skills gap in the Fire, Emergency and Security Systems (FESS) sector, the Institute of Fire Safety Managers (IFSM) and certification body Security Systems and Alarms Inspection Board (SSAIB) have announced a joint initiative that strengthens the impact of the FESS apprenticeship programme. This venture underlines the value of the professional technician status conferred by the specialised apprenticeship and its significant contribution to the sector.

Under the new initiative, apprentices will receive complimentary student membership from the Institute as they embark on their regional FESS apprenticeship. Following the successful completion of their training, apprentices, equipped with their ECS/FESS competency card, will be eligible to apply for the IFSM’s Technician membership grade, TIFSM. The IFSM is extending an offer of free first-year membership to these budding professionals as they launch into their chosen careers.

A crucial component of the IFSM and SSAIB joint initiative is the pathway it creates for the existing workforce, enabling Operatives to upskill to Fire Technician roles. With the support of their ECS/FESS competency card, these skilled workers can apply for the IFSM’s Technician membership grade, TIFSM, recognizing their professional status.

Trevor Jenks, SSAIB National Training Manager, expressed his delight at the new initiative: “SSAIB are delighted to have been involved in this exciting new initiative which gives professional recognition to the FESS Fire Systems Technician. Starting with IFSM student membership the apprentice will benefit from the Institute’s support throughout their journey to FESS Fire Technician and starting their professional career as an IFSM Technical member. The SSAIB continues to take a leading role in setting and raising technical standards as the whole FESS sector upskills on its route to competence and professional recognition.”

Echoing his sentiments, David White, Chairman of IFSM, said: “The Institute is passionate about encouraging young professionals into the industry and creating a career pathway for those working in the fire industry. Competency is key, and the Institute is happy to recognise the ECS/FESS card as part of its membership scheme. Members at all grades are kept up to date with the latest industry news/legislative updates and benefit from continuous professional development (CPD) opportunities. CPD is a requirement of membership, and this helps those in the industry to continue to develop and remain competent.”

IFSM has prepared a presentation for registered FESS training providers, offering guidance on the benefits of professional body membership and application procedures. For further information about this joint initiative or for details on how to join the Institute, please contact the SSAIB or the IFSM.

About SSAIB

SSAIB – The Inspectorate for the Professional – serves as the UK’s and Ireland’s leading third-party certification body, certifying over 2000 firms for a range of services in the security, safety, and fire safety industries. For more than 25 years, SSAIB has been protecting businesses and homeowners through its certification, leveraging the skills of its highly trained industry experts. For more information, visit: www.ssaib.org.

IFSJ Exclusive: Managing the Performance of Individuals

by AmericasBreaking NewsIFSJ ExclusivesTraining

By Phil Martin – former ACFO at Cornwall Fire and Rescue Service and fire consultant

The move to a supervisory position brings new opportunities and responsibilities. Of the new responsibilities, managing the performance of individuals and teams is perhaps one of the most daunting and challenging but in equal measure it is one of the most important and potentially most rewarding elements of leadership and management.

The following model offers a simple approach to managing an individual’s performance. It offers a means for identifying and dealing with poor performance and equally as importantly, to highlight good performance.

Individuals who are supported, clear about what is expected of them and effectively led are generally well motivated. Where an individual’s performance is effectively monitored, action to understand and manage below standard behaviours and actions will enable a manager to support and resolve issues swiftly.

A failure to address poor performance is unfair on both those who under perform and may not be aware of it and on those who work hard to achieve required standards.

Above standard performance can be easily overlooked by a manager but shouldn’t be. Identifying, understanding and acknowledging above standard performance can raise morale and help to develop both the individual and the team.

An important aspect of managing performance that must be understood is that for some individuals below standard performance may be a way of operating that has gone unchallenged for some time. As a new manager inheriting longer-term below standard performance may seem difficult and formidable but the investment in time and effort is likely to bring significant rewards for the individual, the manager, the team and the organisation.

As an illustration, this model consists of three areas which represent baseline performance, above standard performance and below standard performance.

Above Standard Performance – The area above the baseline will represent performance that is exceeding a minimum acceptable standard. The area illustrated as above standard performance will reflect a range of performance.

Baseline Performance – Baseline performance is the minimum acceptable standard expected of an individual. This may be determined by organisational, contractual, legal or vocational standards. The rationale and purpose of baseline standards must be clear, realistic and achievable. They should be easy for the manager to explain and for staff to understand.

Below Standard Performance – The area below the baseline will represent performance that is not meeting a minimum acceptable standard. This area will again reflect a range of below standard performance.

Using the Model

In an ideal world everyone would operate to a standard that is at least at or above baseline performance, as organisations this will be a requirement of the individual and there will those who are content to operate at this level at all times.

In addition to this there will be individuals who through their own efforts or experience consistently perform at a level above the baseline. It is all too easy to accept this without recognition which can cause leaders to inadvertently undervalue the efforts of individuals.

In managing performance the critical area that needs constant monitoring and urgent action is in the area of below standard performance, this will have a negative impact on the individual, the team and organisation. Individuals who performance falls below the standard required will cause a disproportionate drain on a manager’s time.

Identifying Below Standard Performance

Where we identify someone whose performance falls below the baseline we need to ask why?

There could be a number of reasons for underperformance including a misunderstanding of expectations, not being appropriately equipped or trained, a physical or medical barrier, a personal lack of effort or a blatant disregard of the need to meet the required standard of performance.

Underperformance needs to be addressed urgently and honestly. For some it may feel uncomfortable but it is a critical responsibility of any manager or leader.

Managing Below Standard Performance

When below standard performance is identified it is essential that a manager takes swift and appropriate action with discretion.

The key steps in addressing below standard performance will be:

  • Clearly state the shortfall in performance
  • Ask and discuss the shortfall, ask ‘why?’
  • Be clear about the expected standard of performance and discuss how this can be achieved.
  • Set goals using baseline performance standards; discuss any support that may be needed and state review periods
  • Record discussions, expectations and measures
  • Monitor and review

Where an individual has prolonged below standard performance which is not isolated and crosses a number of areas the key steps will remain the same, but manager will need to break down the areas of underperformance and to identify each occasion or activity and develop an improvement plan accordingly.

Identifying Above Standard Performance

Recognising above standard performance and providing feedback to individuals is an opportunity too easily missed by managers. Failing to acknowledge positive performance can demotivate individuals and teams and devalue baseline standards.

Acknowledging good performance provides managers with positive opportunities to exercise the potential of individuals and to develop both them and the teams they work in by capturing and reinforcing good practice.

In my senior years and roles, the challenges and complexities of managing performance evolved and I have been fortunate to have completed a wide range of leadership and development courses and qualifications. In this article I distilled my training and experience gained over 40 years of managing and being managed into a simple model which has both served me well and has been well received by those I have shared it with.

This exclusive article was originally published in the May 2023 issue of International Fire & Safety Journal. To read your FREE digital copy, click here.